Thursday, October 31, 2019

First Solar Turns Sunshine into Profits Case Study

First Solar Turns Sunshine into Profits - Case Study Example Key Marketing Issues As a new entrant to some of Europe’s and North America’s markets, First Solar has some crucial marketing issues to consider. Three of these key marketing issues can be identified as: Identification of marketing forces that would be of greatest advantage to the entry that the company is seeking to undertake Identification of key market competitors and how to develop long term competitive advantages over these competitors How to integrate the advantages of technology into the marketing strategy of the company; so as to have the full benefit of the paradigm shift being created with advanced technology. 1 Which marketing environment forces are likely to have the greatest impact on First Solar? The generalized marketing environmental forces that are likely to affect the competition that First Solar brings on board has to do with external forces that generally inform the decision making cycle of consumers (Marshall, 2008). By this, reference is being made to such factors or forces as economic situation and environmental impacts. First, it would be noted that First solar is operating in a globalised market that is fast becoming concerned with the need to raising market product and service that are highly affordable. This is because of the increasing hardship that the global economy seem to be recording. Experts believe that there continues to be economic hardships among most consumers of energy products as an auxiliary effect of the global economic crunch that was experienced some few years back (The Gleaner, 2008). Because of this, consumers and clients of various products and services are always looking for value for money. With this situation in mind, there is certainly going to be an environmental phenomenon whereby buyers are going to opt for First Solar’s line of product as they are comparatively cheaper to existing sources of energy such as non-renewable energy. Again, there is an environmental impact that is largely go ing to impact on First Solar in a positive way. 2 What types of organizations are most likely to exert the strongest competitive forces on First Solar? Energy companies that introduce products that have alternative resource raw material are likely to face strong competitive force from existing competitors who use the alternative resource raw materials (Baxter, 2005). There is therefore going to be the threat of substitute products or services. In the case of First Solar, it would be realized that their major resource raw material is the use of solar energy. Meanwhile, there are alternative sources of resource raw materials in the renewable energy production industry. Dominant among these resource raw materials is the use of wind energy. Therefore, there is going to be a competitive force from existing competitors who are into the production of wind based renewable energy. Secondly, new entrants have always acted as major competitive forces to existing competitive who might have had long history of doing business such as First Solar (Marshall, 2008). This is because new entrants have a number of factors that pull consumers to them. For instance consumers who are on existing companies would like to compare service and product quality and so may opt for new entrants for a while. Again, new entrants come in with new sources of capital and so often have an economic advantage (Brown, Steven and. Sauder, 2008).

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Review of one article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Review of one article - Essay Example onal field by offering people a chance at an affordable education regardless of age, but have also raised the bar of academic performance simply by allowing the students to make their own mistakes and learn on their own with mere â€Å"guidance† from their online educators. Indeed, education has reached a focal point where traditional educations might see the emerging educational platforms as a form of â€Å"creative Destruction† while the forward thinkers and future innovators see an avenue of education that will allow for much more development and freedom of learning for the students, at a far lower cost that normally expected. Therefore, it is not right to tag the term â€Å"Creative Destruction† on online education and its supporters. For as long as people the world over have a chance to access higher education at a cost affordable to them, which also allows them the personal growth and learning space needed to become a success in the 21st century, then the objectives of higher education are met. True there is a need for a governing body in order to standardize the online educational process,but that will not erase the fact future business leaders and innovators are fast coming from online rather than traditional educational

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Study of In-vivo Analgesic Activity in Animals

Study of In-vivo Analgesic Activity in Animals A) ANIMALS Swiss albino mice (20-25 g) and wistar rats (150-200 g) of either sex were used for study of in-vivo analgesic activity. Animals were kept under standard laboratory conditions i.e. temprature is 24  ± 2 °C and relative humidity is 60-70%. The study protocol was approved by the institutional animal ethics committee (IAEC) before experiment (Approval No. 1452/PO/a/11/CPCSEA). Albino-Swiss mice were taken from Laboratory Animal House, Devsthali Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Lalpur, Rudrapur (U. S. Nagar) and used for the study. The animals were procured from IVRI, Bareilly (U.P.) The animals were kept in polypropylene cages and maintained on balanced ration with free access to clean drinking water. All experimental procedures were conducted in accordance with the guide for Care and use of laboratory animals and in accordance with the Local animal care and use committee. Paddy husk was provided as bedding material, which was cleaned every day. The cages were maintained clean. All o f the animals were left for 2 days in the laboratory for getting used to before the day of experiment and on the last day they were given water only. Minimum of 6 animals were used in each group. B) ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES The acute oral toxicity studies were carried out to study the acute toxic effects and to determine minimum toxic dose of the synthesized compounds. For the study swiss albino mice of either sex weighing 20-25 g were used. The aqueous solution of compounds were administered orally to different groups of over night fasted mice at the doses of 30, 100, 300, 1000 and 3000 mg/kg body weight. After administration of the compounds, animals were observed continuously for any toxic manifestation for the first three hours. There after, observations were made at regular intervals for 24 hrs. Further the animals were under investigation up to a period of one week. I) ANALGESIC ACTIVITY For the study of analgesisc activity two methods were used. (A) Hot Plate method (B) Acetic caid induced writhing method A) Method 1: Hot plate method186,187,188,189 By applying heat pain is inced to animals. All the animals one by one are kept in the hot plate maintain at constant temperature (55 °C) and there reactions was noted i.e. paw licking or jumping response. Work plan Albino rats of either sex (150-200 g) were selected and divided into four groups of six animals each. All the animals were fasted for 24 hrs. before the start of the experiment and water was given adlibitum. The animals were treated as follows : Group 1 : Control group received 0.5% sodium CMC (1mg/kg) orally. Group 2 : Diclofenac sodium 50mg/kg were administered orally. Group 3 : Novel benzimidazole substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 50mg/kg was administered orally. Group 4 : Novel 2-quinolone substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 50mg/kg was administered orally. Here Group 1 is the control, group 2 is active standard and group 3 and group 4 are test. Experimental Details The hot plate method is based on the fact that analgesic compounds increases the response time. This method was first described by Eddy Leimbach, where a cut off period of 15 sec is observed to avoid damage to the paw. All the synthesized compounds were dissolved in the CMC (0.5% suspension). After administration of control, standard and test compounds the animals were kept at the hot plate and their reaction time were note at 15, 30, 60 120 min interval. All the doses were given orally to animals. Diclofenac Sodium at dose of 50 mg/kg was used standard drug for comparison. The results so obtained were tabulated in Table 10, 12, 14 and 16 and figure 07, 09, 11 and 13. Results were expressed as means  ± S.E.M. Statistical significance was analyzed using the two-way anova analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test where p B) Method 2: Acetic Acid Induced Writhing Method186,187,188,189 In this method pain is induced by intraperitoneal (I.P) administration of 0.6% (0.1 ml/10g) acetic acid in mice. Analgesic activity was determined by calculating total number of writhings. Work plan Albino mice of either sex (25-30 g) were used for the study. All the animals were fasted for 24 hrs. before the start of the experiment and water was given adlibitum. The animals were treated as follows : Group 1 : Control group received 0.5% sodium CMC (1mg/kg) orally. Group 2 : Diclofenac sodium 20mg/kg were administered orally. Group 3 : Novel benzimidazole substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 20mg/kg was administered orally. Group 4 : Novel 2-quinolone substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 20mg/kg was administered orally. Here Group 1 is the control, group 2 is active standard and group 3 and group 4 are test. Experimental Details All the synthesized compounds were administered intraperitonealy (0.5 ml) as a suspension in sterile 0.9% DMSO solution as vehicle. Diclofenac Sodium at dose of 20 mg/kg was used standard drug for comparison. Acetic acid solution was intraperitonealy administered 30 min after administration of the compounds. 10 min after intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid solution, the number of writhings per animal was recorded for 20 min. Control animals received an equal volume of vehicle. Results were expressed as means  ± S.E.M. Statistical significance was analyzed using the two-way anova analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test where p II) ANTI-PYRETIC ACTIVITY STUDIES:190 For antipyretic activity yeast induced pyrexia model was used for the study. Work plan Albino rats of either sex (150-200 g) were selected and divided into four groups of six animals each. All the animals were fasted for 24 hrs. before the start of the experiment and water was given adlibitum. The animals were treated as follows : Group 1 : Control group received 0.5% sodium CMC (1mg/kg) orally. Group 2 : Peracetamol 100mg/kg were administered orally. Group 3 : Novel benzimidazole substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 100mg/kg was administered orally. Group 4 : Novel 2-quinolone substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 100mg/kg was administered orally. Here Group 1 is the control, group 2 is active standard and group 3 and group 4 are test. Experimental Details For induction of fever in rats, 20% w/v of brewer’s yeast in distilled water was administered by subcutaneous injection. All animals which were used for study, were induced pyrexia by injection of 10 ml/kg of brewer’s yeast solution under the skin in between the shoulder blades. The place of the injection was massaged in order to spread the suspension beneath the skin. Basal rectal temperature was measured before the injection of yeast, by inserting digital clinical thermometer to a depth of 2 cm into the rectum. The rise in rectal temperature was recorded after 19 hours of yeast injection. The rectal temperature was taken after 30, 60, 120, 180 and 300 minutes post treatment. If a drug is having antipyretic effect then there is a fall in the rectal temprature. Results were expressed as means  ± S.E.M. Statistical significance was analyzed using the two-way anova analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test where p III) ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY: 186,187,188,189 For anti-inflammatory activity carrageenin-induced rat paw oedema method was used. Work plan Albino rats of either sex (150-200 g) were selected and divided into four groups of six animals each. All the animals were fasted for 24 hrs. before the start of the experiment and water was given adlibitum. The animals were treated as follows : Group 1 : Control group received sterile normal saline (0.85% NaCl) orally. Group 2 : Ibuprofen 20mg/kg were administered orally. Group 3 : Novel benzimidazole substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 50mg/kg was administered orally. Group 4 : Novel 2-quinolone substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 50mg/kg was administered orally. Here Group 1 is the control, group 2 is active standard and group 3 and group 4 are test. Experimental Details This method was described by Winter et al. in 1962. The experimental animals were divided into ten groups, each containing five animals. After 30 min of administration of test compounds, 0.1 ml of 1% (w/v) carrageenin was injected subcutaneously in the subplantar region of the left hind paw. The right paw served as a reference to non inflammed paw for comparison. The initial paw volume was measured within 30 sec of the carrageenin injection by plethysmometer. The relative increase in paw volume was measured in control, standard and test compounds at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 h after the carrageenin injection. The difference between initial and final readings was taken as the volume of oedema and the percentage inhibition by the compounds was calculated using the formula- where dt is the difference in paw volume in the test compound-treated group and dc the difference in paw volume in the control group. Results were expressed as means  ± S.E.M. Statistical significance was analyzed using the two-way anova analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test where p Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun 1

Friday, October 25, 2019

Loyalty of Antony and Brutus in Julius Caesar :: William Shakespeare

The Loyalties of Antony and Brutus Antony and Brutus are both loyal, noble men and their loyalties shape their characters, drives their actions, and decides the very future of Rome. Brutus loves Caesar, but he loves Rome more. Antony has no need to choose between his country and best friend. Before Caesar's death both men are guarded and somewhat a secret to the reader. After Caesar's murder, however, their true personalities emerge. Antony and Brutus may seem the same, and that was they are in theory, from their positions, character traits, to the very friend's they keep they are alike almost to a point of absurdity. In practice, though, you will find them rather different due to the mistakes and decisions made by both parties. Was Julius Caesar truly ambitious? For if he wasn?t, then Brutus betrayed a man he loved in vain. He held that he was saving Rome form a tyrant when he plunged the knife into Caesar?s back, literally. It must be by his death: and for my part, I know no personal cause to spurn at him, But for the general. He would be crown'd: How that might change his nature, there's the question. ???????????????.. And then, I grant, we put a sting in him, That at his will he may do danger with. The abuse of greatness is, when it disjoins Remorse from power: and, to speak truth of Caesar, I have not known when his affections sway'd More than his reason (II.i.10-21). Brutus used his knowledge of Caesar to convince himself that it was the right choice he was making. He knew that the power would go to his friend?s head eclipsing his reason and putting his beloved Rome into the hands of a tyrant. Brutus had a choice to make, Rome or Caesar? In the end, his loyalty to Rome exceeded his faithfulness to his close friend. Which poses the question, if Antony truly believed that Caesar would be a horrible dictator, would he have joined the conspirators? From his actions and behavior in the play, he probably would have stood by his friend. When he says, "I shall remember. When Caesar says, ?do this,? it is performed" (I. i. 10-11 ). This sentence proves his devotion to Caesar, for if he did not love him he would not do his bidding with such enthusiasm. It is not inaccurate to say he most definitely would not join the conspirators. Another question is, if Brutus did not truly believe that Caesar was ambitious, would he have joined in plotting his death?

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Number one Analyze

Meaning: to identify and examine the basic elements or parts of (something) especially for discovering interrelationships Asses: : to determine the importance, size, or value of Compare: to describe as similar Describe : to give a representation or account of in words Discuss: to talk about (an issue) usually from various points of view and for the purpose of arriving at a decision or opinion Illustrate: to show or make clear by using examples Pizza hut has been around for many years.Today, it is considered one of the biggest fast food restaurants around the world. Pizza hut exists in many countries, and although its menu is the same around the world, it learned to adapt to every country culture and heritage by providing services and products that are advertised and sold according to the country itself. Pizza Hut started with only pizzas. And nowadays his menu has expanded and includes everything from pastas, appetizers, kids menus, salads, and of course the pizzas. It took a long ti me to expand the menu, but with the right advertising, pizzaHut did not have any problem. Until now, pizza Hut still works hard on advertising. Everybody knows pizza Hut through commercials, billboards, flyers, and of course the internet. There is a new deal, new promotion every so often. Having the right product and a good advertising team is not enough. A good restaurant should always worry about its services and always pay attention to the customer needs. A SWOT analysis shows the strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats Pizza Hut is going through in Lebanon.After taken over the market with ts pizza menu, Pizza Hut introduced a wider variety menu which includes pastas, and salads. The customers can now visit Pizza Hut even if they do not feel like having a pizza. It also introduced a PHD (pizza hut delivery) service, which is available in almost every town but it does not have many dine in locations comparing to other fast food restaurants such as McDonalds and Burger kin g. One of Pizza Hut regular customers, my friend Edward, spends most of his time eating pizza, and praises about Pizza Hut services and products.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Factors affecting course preference

Parent involvement is somewhat of a mystery within the field of education. Teachers often wonder how to encourage more parents to attend workshops while parents question how to best support their children's learning at home. Researchers struggle to conduct accurate studies isolating home-school collaboration as a channel for student achievement and policymakers have difficulty drafting a document that guides schools to work with â€Å"hard-to-reach† parents. Simply stated, schools and districts across the country struggle to involve parents as partners in heir children's education (Sheldon &Hutchins, 2011). Garland 2009) found that the most significant influence on the career choice of Indian students was the father. Likewise, parent's perceptions of their children's interests and abilities and their specific expectations for their child's success can affect choices, beliefs, and career actions. Similarly, because college students typically seek approval and family support reg arding specific career decisions, these students will probably experience a struggle if their career decision does not align with family expectations.In a recent duty confirmed the great influence of parents relating to career choice. It has also been established that several societies across the globe emphasize collective identity and significance of family. (Bryant et al. 2009) One of the challenges facing the accounting profession has always been how to attract competent applicants. In recent years the demand for accounting graduates has been strong. Although a severe economic downturn beginning in the fall of 2008 lessened the demand for accounting graduates, the employment outlook for entry-level accountants overall is positive.The purpose of this survey study is to assess the relative importance of factors affecting students' employment choices (Bloom & Miring, 2011). The results of this study can be useful to among others, employers, students, faculty and career counselors. R ecruiters could benefit from an understanding of factors students consider important when choosing among various employment offers. Greater understanding of influential decision factors can help the recruitment process, improve employee selection, and better match students with suitable employers.This could result in positive outcomes such as a more efficient acquirement strategy, greater employee satisfaction, and lower employee turnover. Accounting faculty and career advisors could also benefit from understanding factors affecting employment choices since they also help students assess employment opportunities. Today's graduating accounting students are members of Generation Y (Gene Years), a term used to describe those who were born between 1979 and 1994. Gene Years currently range in age from 14 and 29.Gene Years are shaped by their shared experiences due to economic, political, social, and cultural 32 Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice volt. 1(2) 2011. Peer influen ce As we grow older, your peers actually helped shape your personality towards your strengths. You will be faced with some challenging decisions. In an article by Attar Manor she said that making decisions on your own is hard enough, but when other people get involved and try to pressure you one way or another it can be even harder.Be it school, college or workplace – making friends is important, and so is socializing, but there are ways to forge new ties and mix up with people without being pressurized by the peers. Friends never make you lose your identity, making rinds is about appreciating the differences and respecting individual tastes and still being together. Be comfortable with identity of who you are, and you will soon make new friends and be accepted by everyone. The effects of peer pressure can be prevented by simply teaching your child to be confident and comfortable in their own skin, without giving in such social influences.When making a decision it is not ther e is nothing involved for one to draw to their decision, one may not realize that this is process and that it is done every day several times a day. According to the text the definition of decision making is the process of choosing a course of action to deal with a problem or opportunity' (Shoehorning, Hunt, Osborn. & Uh-Been, 2010). Farmer (2010) also affirms that peers are not inherently positive or negative; they can be both good and bad.He further said that, peer friendships, group interactions, and influences are a part of positive development. Young people learn to evaluate themselves through the eyes of their peers, they get feedback on their personal characteristics, they gain social skills and confidence and they learn how to defer personal fulfillment to group goals. Young people also learn how to make themselves more attractive and interesting to others, they learn to control their aggressive reactions in the interest of fitting with others.Personal decision After a decis ion is made, people experience a variety of reactions. In addition, present decisions influence future decision making. Several of the outcomes that may result from a decision are regret or satisfaction; both of which influence upcoming decisions. Regret, feelings of disappointment or dissatisfaction with a choice made is one potential outcome of decision making. Interestingly, regret may shape the decision asking process. According to Abraham and Sheerer (2010), anticipated regret is the belief that the decision will be result of inaction.Anticipated regret may prompt behavior; that is, when a person indicates they will do something, such as exercise, they may follow through with their intended decision, to avoid regret. Once the decision is made, the impact of the decision, if regret is experienced, will impact future decisions. People can often get consumed with examining the other options that were available; the path not taken (Saga & Friedman, 2009). Satisfaction refers to owe pleased the decision maker is with the outcome of the decision. There are many things that impact levels of satisfaction.Boots and lounger (2011) observed individuals prefer to make their own decisions and believe they will be more satisfied with their choices; however, when people are given only undesirable options, decision makers are less satisfied than those who have had the choice made for them. Future decision making is based on past decisions, as well as levels of satisfaction or regret. Even though there is evidence to support this notion, in many cases, particularly when the session may be reversed, decisions may be based on the reversibility factor (Gilbert, & Bert, 2010).Significant to individuals' satisfaction is that people are willing to pay a premium for the opportunity to change their minds at a later date. Decision making is a critical aspect to feeling successful and happy in life; decision making is at the root of all we do. It is important to develop effective d ecision making skills and strategies. Problem solving strategies include, but are not limited to brain storming, cost benefit analysis, written remediation plans, and an examination of possible choices. The decision making process can be complicated and overwhelming.As a result, it is valuable for individuals to learn a model to follow, that may be applied to everyday decisions, as well as life changing choices (Western, Christianson, Food, & Santiago-Riviera, 2009). Justification of the study Parents are taking vital part in making decision in the lives of their children. It always been subjective that parents know what is best for their children and they want them to be in the right track. Children look for advice and approval for what is right and good for them in terms of decision making because sometimes they are fitful of what career preferences to choose if they will succeed or regret.Peer influence helps us to have decisions in life especially in the mode of work. It gives u s self-assurance and at ease on the career decision we made. Collaboration with our friends and mingle with others increase and shape our personal growth to set goals for achievement in ourselves. Personal decision makes us to become independent in our life. Deciding of what you really want makes you learn from previous occurrence and to become stronger to face challenges that you will become successful in the end.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Wilfred Owens The Send-off and Erno Mullers Assault Essay Example

Wilfred Owens The Send Wilfred Owens The Send-off and Erno Mullers Assault Paper Wilfred Owens The Send-off and Erno Mullers Assault Paper Essay Topic: Literature The assault Both Owens and Mullers poems were written about World War 1 and so the two poems are especially similar in some respects, even though different poets wrote them. There are still a large number of differences between the two poems. Some similarities and differences are naturally easier to spot than others; some only become apparent after extensive study. These differences and similarities occur in style, the way the poems deal with war and it effects as well as many other things. In The Send-off by Wilfred Owen the story is told of the soldiers departing on a train for the war. It depicts the men at the siding shed and on the train, leaving their loved ones and all the things that they have worked for to go and fight on the frontline and probably die. The storyline is the start of what is likely to be the last train journey for the majority of the men on board. As the train departs with the men on board so do we leave them. In Assault by Erno Muller the story about a group of World War 1 soldiers is being relayed to us, of how they got caught in a gas attack and how it causes someone to die. The soldiers then have to get out of the trench and attack the enemy, the story shows the real world of war. The tone of The Send-off is one that condemns the deaths of those that participated and how far too many men died, a few, a few, too few [may return] the fact that Wilfred Owen is saying too few return, means too many die, this then means that is condemning the war and waste of human life. When talking about the departure Owen wrote So secretly, like wrongs hushed-up, which talks about how the men being sent off to fight and probably die is wrong, so he is condemning it. Assault by Erno Muller also has a condemning tone, there are no outstanding quotes representing this -however the underlying view of the author can be picked up as more of the poem is read. There is also a sarcastic tone although this does not feature in The Send-off Assault uses it at the end to good effect, God, this is fun! One can get the impression that some see war as fun or good, this poem has sarcasm to show how wrong they are. The voice in The Send-off is in a 3rd person perspective. It is narrated by someone who is there looking at the men and women being affected but is not involved with those there directly, words like their and they give us this impression. It also sounds like someone who knows a large amount about the occurrences of the war and resents it. It is almost as if it is the soul of a soldier who died fighting in the war and he resents this. Assault has a 1st person perspective. It sounds like someone who had experienced it and survived. Words like ripped and were show that it was written in the past tense whilst quotes like God, this is fun makes it seem as if the narrator experienced the war 1st hand. The Send-off has both an angry underlying mood too few as if the author is shouting and hollering as if very angry, along with a sad mood. It is sad because the author knows that a lot of the men will soon be dieing. A few, a few may creep back. We get the idea that they have been through terrible suffering (which they had) and that only a few survived (which is also true), this is supposed to and succeeds in saddening the reader. Assault has a few moods in it, there is an eerie mood at the start of the poem. The white cloud swirled round him like a fog. This gives an eerie atmosphere as death just swirled up around one of the soldiers without him realising. Another mood is sadness A man choked caught him unawares. Then his body flopped over. We are saddened from this as a man suffers a horrible death from gas and he didnt have a chance to avoid it. Assault also has an angry mood in it, the author is angry at the waste of human life, the quote over the top and kill shows how all war is, is people to kill. The two poems have very different forms, The Send-off is broken into four stanzas which change in size going small, large, small and large. This breaking up could represent how war is fought in sections. These sections are the different battles that occurred in World War 1. The order of the stanzas and the size of each stanza being regular could be seen to represent how the deaths and occurrences of war were seen as regular. However, looking closer the sentences begin and end at different points, war appears regular but look closer into it and it is not. Assault only has 2 stanzas, these are of very different lengths, however the lines are organised into groupings. The different groups of lines represent the different parts of the battle that the soldiers went through, the form of Assault is totally un-predictable, much like an enemys next move in a battle or war. There are several differences between the rhythms that the two poems use. Erno Mullers Assault has a rhythm that keeps changing. It begins quickly Gas! Faces turned straight into the action there is a fast rhythm here as the soldiers try to survive the gas attack. It slows down in the middle of the poem as the shells are described and then tired they sank earthwards. There is a final boost of speed at the end of the poem Over the wall! Over the top and kill. The Send-off however has a very steady rhythm and it is fairly slow. The very regular rhythm Dull Porters watched them, and a casual tramp Stood staring hard makes the send-off of men to the front lines seem a regular occurrence (which it was) and therefore that the mens deaths were also a regular un-important event. Both poems have a great deal of examples of imagery throughout them. The Send-off starts of with lines and words making it feel that the war is being censored, so only some truths come out. This is being done because war is wrong and the government, army etc are trying to keep it quiet. Darkening lanes produces imagery of it occurring in the dead of night so that it is not seen by many people and therefore kept quiet. Everyone knew that it was wrong but no-one was trying hard enough to do anything about it, everyone was just keeping quiet like wrings hushed up. The impression of things being censored and kept quiet is given as men may creep back silent so only a handful of people knew the truth about the war. Assault also has a few examples of things being kept quiet. The masks that hid the men from the gas can represent how the government hid (or censored) the truth about the war from the public. Some of these things carried through to the soldiers, the white cloud which was actually death, as gas could seem innocent to the inexperienced soldier as a white cloud would seem above suspicion to the uninformed. There are copious numbers of references to the huge number of men that died throughout as well as all the suffering that a lot of them went through. Erno Muller has included a lot imagery for this, feverish hands the men are harmed mentally (scared stiff) just by the thought of the gas attack. The horrible image of a man choked as the gas caught him unawares over whelmed his defences and took over his body. Groaning makes us think of all the men lying on the battlefield groaning in pain. The men also felt like they were on their own at times, the word unawares is the only word on the line, it also is on its own. They may also have felt that everything was against them including nature The wind cut me. The feeling that everything was against them would have reduced their morale even more. Owen also included no end of imagery within his poem, lined the train produces the image of the huge numbers of men that took part in the war as a train can hold a huge number of people. The men tried to put a brave face on their situation, as they were not that happy about being in a war faces grimly gay. There are also a great deal of references to how the deaths became usual as so many men lost their lives, They got a train trains run regularly just as the men died regularly, Dull porters watched them as it wasnt unusual for train loads of men to go off, however this also meant that it was usual, mundane and uninteresting that the men died. Repetition near the end of the poem A few, a few, too few gives the impression of things going on and on, either the suffering of the soldiers, the numbers of dead or just how the war went on for a lot longer than everyone was expecting. The women gave them flowers before they left, this could be instead of putting flowers on their graves as the men were very likely to die and some of their bodies would never be found. Words and lines like our and I in Assault make you realise that it was personal, people lost lots of friends and family in the war, a lot of men would have watched their friends die. The two poems have different rhyming patterns, one doesnt have one. The Send-off has a regular rhyming pattern, in the short stanzas it is ABA and in the longer stanzas it is a more complex but still a regular rhyming pattern. The regular rhyming pattern in the poem can represent the regularity of the send off during World War 1 and therefore the regularity of the men dying. Assault has no particular rhyming pattern. This could represent how things dont always happen as they are supposed to. It is, however, still a poem. Things dont always happen in war as they are supposed to, but it is still a war and waste of human life. Both poems deal with war and its effects in similar ways. They condemn the immense loss of human life. Both authors seem to try to deal with their losses by discussing what occurred. In conclusion, the two poems deal with war and its effects in the way that most war poems endeavour to.

Monday, October 21, 2019

Target Performance Evaluations †Business Research Paper (200 Level Course)

Target Performance Evaluations – Business Research Paper (200 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers Target Performance Evaluations Business Research Paper (200 Level Course) Performance evaluations are one of the most important tools employers can use to reward, train and critique their employees. At Target, this is no exception. Target evaluates its executive staff twice a year, once for money and bonuses, and another for sheer training and direction. I passed out the assigned survey to three of my peers; Marta Mcgough, Todd Rigler and Matt Clarey. In the paragraphs below I will discuss their responses along with my personal feeling toward the questions. First you must understand Target’s evaluation system. Target executives are graded on their personal leadership skills as well as store performance numbers including sales and budget goals as well as turnover and profitability. I like to think of it like this. A high store profitability number will get you more bonus and raise while a high leadership score will get you promoted. Obviously, a high score on both is optimal. For the first question: I received a timely performance appraisal. All takers, including myself, of the survey strongly agreed that Target is in fact timely in its appraisal system. As stated above, all executives should receive a performance evaluation twice a year, a mid year review, for no money, on May 31st, and a review for monetary bonuses and raises on Nov 31st. These timeframes are strictly adhered to by corporate and of the four people taking the survey, no one had ever received a review late. For â€Å"I received a fair performance appraisal†, myself and 2 other stated that we agreed, while one said disagree. The main reason stated by all for the lack of 100% support was that we as a team are graded for the sales performance of the building. No matter how well we do our job, inevitably the amount of product that people purchase in the building over the course of the year will greatly affect our raise. This brings a certain amount of unfairness to the process. A low performing executive in a high performing building has the potential to get just as good of review as an executive that is considered high potential. The only possible rectification for this problem would be to cease have store performance numbers on reviews and just have personal goals and qualifications. On the question of â€Å"My performance appraisal results were what I anticipated†. Again, all of us of were of one accord in strongly agreeing. Target does a fantastic job of not only constant feedback from supervisors, but also an incorporated tool called the Diagnostic tool kit. The DTK is an evaluation tool on line that summarized weekly the store performance numbers and breaks down individual executives review scores. By viewing this form that updates on Wednesdays, you can see how your review would be if you got it immediately, and how your week, month and quarter numbers look. 1.I received a timely performance appraisal. Strongly Agree/Agree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree 2.I received a fair performance appraisal. Strongly Agree/Agree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree 3.My performance appraisal results were what I anticipated. Strongly Agree/Agree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree 4.My performance appraisal was measured against my job description/duties/expectations. Strongly Agree/Agree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree 5.I was provided recommendations for improvement during my performance appraisal. Strongly Agree/Agree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree Research Papers on Target Performance Evaluations - Business Research Paper (200 Level Course)Incorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalStandardized TestingOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office SystemMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductResearch Process Part OneAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

Sunday, October 20, 2019

ESL and an Introduction to Suggestopedia

ESL and an Introduction to Suggestopedia This method was developed by Dr. Georgi Lazanov and is basically (very basically, this is all pretty new for me) on a teaching approach that seems to throw the traditional, grammar based - left brain approach out the window, and advocates a holistic, right brain approach. I wont try to describe the method in this feature. This approach is new for me (although I did write a short feature a while back based on some of its principles). I would prefer to lead you to some introductory articles on the Net discussing this technique as it is quite novel (at least for me) and, I think, has quite a lot of potential.To start off lets take a look at this introduction to using this technique in second language acquisition.Libyan Labiosa Cassone is President of the Society for Accelerative Learning and Teaching, and in this interview gives quite a detailed overview of how the teaching method works. This method can be employed for any type of learning. For more information regarding the various app lications of this technique take a look at the followingFinally, here is an article that discusses the use of suggestopedia in a classroom environment and more specifically in a language teaching environment: SummaryI find myself quite attracted to this method as it seems to reflect my own experiences with language learning. While learning German and Italian my best learning always seemed to take place while immersing myself in tasks that were less analytical and caused my brain to work on the language as an entire unit rather than in bits and pieces. Of course, Im speaking about the experience of living in the country where one doesnt have the time to analyze everything and therefore, begins to absorb and learn on a completely different level.The only reservation that I have about this technique is that the people I have come in contact with who use this approach tend to be rather fanatic about its being the only way. While conviction can be quite persuading, I find it difficult to throw everything overboard.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Claude monet Haystacks painting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Claude monet Haystacks painting - Essay Example The essay "Claude monet Haystacks painting" discovers the art of Claude Monet. By the time Monet was done he had accomplished the artistic analysis of 25 different scenes that were from different timelines. The artist made it a point to capture details as per different times and with different weather. The end result was a model that was admired by his peers at the time and even many years to come. The subject that he chose was also an interesting one that many artists may have ignored before but that in which Monet saw a great potential to create a series of paintings. The background of the haystacks states that they are large and talk stacks that are normally located within Normandy region in France so as to emphasize the beauty of the countryside. They functioned majorly as storage facilities with the purpose of preserving the harvest, especially wheat until the time the wheat could be distinctively separated from the chaff and the stalk. These stacks were more common in the 19th century and further survived for close to a hundred years before the discovery of combined harvesters and other machines that could do the separation faster and with advanced technology. The stacks were basically common in Giverny where Monet’s home was located. Monet noticed the subject when he was taking a casual walk after which he requested that two canvases be brought to him by his step daughter so that he could sufficiently capture different weather conditions. Monet realized that he needed more than just two canvases.... painted realistic depictions which were eventually revised in a studio with the aim of generating contrast and to preserve harmony within the painting series. (Hayes, 1990: pg22) The first painting that I will discuss including the thematic issues involved is the wheat stack end of summer. The common subject all through the series basically utilized an underlying theme of transience of light. this kind of concept played a vital role of enabling Monet apply repetition in such a way that could show nuances in regards to the perception of difference in time, seasons and the differences in weather. This feature made Monet the painter that was the first to work on so many projects under the same subject matter but basically just differentiated by weather, light, perspective and atmosphere. Certain aspects in this painting involved strict documentation of ephemera that were only possible during some restricted durations of time in the day and so the keenness involved in this was captured b y Monet as he could have to wait around for such moments in time to get the real perspective. The painting depicts an accurate use of hue and color to reflect differences in light. This made it possible for the painting to show the ever changing quality of residual light as seen on the haystacks through the manifestation of distinctive coloring as done by Monet. (Charles, 1996: pg 39) The second painting still under scrutiny is that of Morning Snow Effect. This painting completely shows a different season as compared to the others. The painting was done by Monet mostly in the mornings after the harvest whereby snow was seen and so Monet sought to show the difference in capturing the value and texture that would be expected from the snow covered haystacks in the morning. In this painting,

Friday, October 18, 2019

Humen Resourse Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Humen Resourse Management - Assignment Example There are countless challenges that may face the store. Working as the manager of the store that sells computer equipment and accessories, it is crucial to monitor employees so as to make sure that they are conscious of their situation. After four months, it is clear that there are some personal challenges that most employees face. One of the main issues is the ethical behaviour exhibited by the personnel. The morals of the employees is seen as being low, which means that some of the things they do behind the back of the manager and fellow employees may be questionable. In management, this may be a particularly problematic issue. It is vital for all employees to value their contribution to the organization (Matiza, 2013). By failing to realise that their actions may be negatively impacting the organization, they are helping bring down the company because these actions may be done in the presence of customers. If the above happens, employees and the establishment run the risk of pushing customers away with certain behaviour, which may not be deemed as professional. Another issue that faces employees in the store may be the absence rate of employees, which appear to be on the rise. To address this issue as a manager, it is possible to get to the root of the problem by asking around about the health history of all employees. This can give an insight into what might be the problem that each employee faces and if it can be controlled. Moreover, by making the workplace a more accommodative place, it is likely to decrease the hazards that workers are exposed to, increasing the overall performance (Matiza, 2013). Question 2 There are certain practices within HR that are related to the case presented. One of the main practices of the department involves creating a work environment that benefits both the organization and individuals working in the store. It is vital for all managers to create a positive working environment, which allows individuals to thrive and ultimately contribute towards the business’ success (Matiza, 2013). The most effective policy may border on promoting collaboration between employees. This may work toward guaranteeing togetherness in the workplace, which fosters an environment that is positive and allows the growth of both individual and business. The positive work environment can improve employee relations that may allow all employees to develop a culture of commonness. The second most important aspect of HR practice would be the issue of appraisals. It is crucial for organizations to have a formal appraisal system where the manager can learn more about the employees in the establishment (Matiza, 2013). Failure to have such a system in place may work toward promoting a culture that is not aimed at the organization’s success. Performance appraisals are especially crucial. This is because they may act as motivators for all employees when there is the prospect of promotion or performance-based pay. Among the functions of HR, there is

Is a more able student of mathematics better at estimating the length Essay

Is a more able student of mathematics better at estimating the length and weight of an object than a less able student - Essay Example I decided to specify the units of measurement because some students, such as those from Britain or USA, also use the imperial system of measurement. I have restricted the population of students to girls in my school as it has been proven in the past that the two sexes do have different spatial abilities. Therefore I believe that using boys could have an effect on the results by adding the additional variable. The pen has a length of 14.5cm and a weight of 12 grams. I believe that people who are in the higher mathematics sets will be more able to guess the length and weight of an object with more accuracy than those in the lower sets. This investigation will examine the innate aptitudes of people: abilities that are not usually learned from a textbook. In addition, I believe that those who are better at guessing the weight will, in general, be better at guessing the length. I also believe that the estimates of length will be more accurate than the estimates of the weight. The data was analyzed by viewing several graphical aspects. The groups were compared using the percentage of error on length and weight. An additional chart was created to analyze overall error and predict the trend for a larger sample. As can be seen, the higher level group was consistently more accurate than the studies level group. The mean error (from data tables) for the higher level group was 4.1 grams, while the studies level group had a mean error of 5.45 grams. The estimation of length shows that the higher level set was more consistent, but the studies group had 4 samples that were as good or better than any of the higher set. However, the overall mean for the higher set was lower with a mean error of 3.8 cm., while the studies set had a mean error of 4.4 cm. As the chart indicates, the overall accuracy of the higher level set was more consistent

The United States Department of Defense Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The United States Department of Defense - Essay Example The United States Department of Defense An overview of the United States invasion in Iraq by the Bush administration can help one to gain an insight of why the contemporary US military needs to embrace the draft. While the US had earlier occupied numerous foreign lands—Germany, Japan, and on a lower scale in Kosovo among others—and helped to build relatively stable democratic governments in those countries, it failed to demonstrate this in the Iraq case. The military approach employed by the Bush administration saw the first democratically elected government of Iraq inherit a country widespread with assassinations, and kidnapping among other social ills. This is attributable to a miscalculation that saw the Bush admiration invade Iraq with a few troops. Further, the military of the day was sharply objected to the idea of sending more troops in Iraq when the country crumbled into a violent turmoil after the fall of Saddam. A school of thought in the military circles conceived all these ills that a transformed US military can be effective in a war with a minimal number of ground troops. True, the modern American military can manage to win a stunning battlefield. Nevertheless, such an instantiations force is not sufficient to secure peace—a critical aspect of the outcome of a war. Clearly, the modern all-volunteer American military could not have sustained the demand of the number of forces required in Iraq and continue deterring the American nation from threats elsewhere in the world. Adding the number of standing soldiers in the army may not have been a solution either. It is in view of this that the military draft should be adopted (MillitarySpot, Para 3). The underlying argument is that United States does not require a bigger standing army but rather a deep bench of well-trained soldiers who can be mobilized from their reserves to address the unpredictable but inescapable wars and other necessary humanitarian interventions of the future. The adoption of the military draft could go a long way in ensuring that the limitations of a surge in capacity of the al l-volunteer force do not hold the American society at a standstill when such a need arises. Indeed, history is clear that the American society has turned to the draft from time to time to offer an effective solution to the persistent issue of humanity crisis. While ideally it should not come in the shape of World War II mass combat mobilization or the Vietnam’s discriminatory conscription—because war advances as the nature of threats change—there is no doubt that a modern model of a draft is much-needed (Hod 9). Another argument in support of the military draft is evident from a look at the US military involvement in the past two decades. In these two decades, US has found it critical, in view of national security issues, to deploy over half a million military personnel oversees. Each at a time,

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Citizenship Education in International Schools within Hong Kong Research Proposal

Citizenship Education in International Schools within Hong Kong - Research Proposal Example The research study will particularly focus on establishing the type of Citizenship Education Curriculum that teachers believed should be utilized by teachers in the International Schools that are located within Hong Kong. This is considering that these International Schools use materials and even curriculums that are adopted from their country of origin. The concept of the global village according to the study conducted by Walker (2006), has led to the widely encouraged development of education for interdependence among learners located across the World. From the studies conducted by Williams & Humphrys(2003), in regards to global education, he argued that there has been subtle change in regards to the degree of universal awareness concerning the way of life in other countries since many people are more aware of how people in other parts of the World live. This is in conformity to the studies conducted by Phillips & Schweisfurth(2008), which urged for the collaboration and comparison in international education globally and it is among this reasons that the concept of Citizenship Education. Williams & Humphrys(2003) described this concept as an educational system that is aimed at equipping foreign students with the knowledge and skills that can enable them to be legally accepted as citizens in a foreign country and also to be simply knowledgeable about other people’s way of life in other parts of the World (Zajda, 2005). Concerns have risen regarding education in the sense that efforts should be put in place for the development of the international perspective amongst youths in order to increase their global development awareness (Postiglione & Tan, 2007). Therefore, asGrossman & Lo(2008) noted, the strengthening and implementation of the factor of universal citizenship education in cooperation with the school curriculum is an increasingly important issue in education. Hong Kong is largely dominated by people from the ethnic Chinese community, which means

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Impacts of Roman Civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Impacts of Roman Civilization - Essay Example Meanwhile, Roman law created the division between open law, whereby the state is straightforwardly included, for example, with issues of treachery and assessment as well as private law that is directed to the debate between individuals, for example, over contracts (Lord, 13-17). This framework was the support for what is currently referred to civil law that governed the West. Roman law likewise impacted the improvement of private worldwide law. Romans had arraignments and jury trials, like today's practices. Numerous guard procedures at present utilized can likewise be followed over to Roman techniques. The thought of "blameless until demonstrated blameworthy," which emphasizes United States immoral equity framework, it is believed to have originated from aged Roman plans. Likewise, the reason for composed law as an approach to secure people from each one in turn and from the state force is an intrinsically Roman thought. Writing is an alternate region where Roman impact is outstandi ng. Roman writers took after the renowned Greek writers, frequently creating and expanding upon Greek composing. Numerous journalists have been affected by Romans, Shakespeare being among these curtails. Roman Art has additionally affected today’s social order (Cline, 23-27). Specifically, utilization of prevailing images of Emperors on the nation coins and models was an intrinsically Roman thought Roman impacts in advanced social order can additionally be seen in framework frameworks. Roman ways utilized three levels of substructure underneath the clearing stones, and an endorsed plot to inspire the inside way, permitting rainwater to empty off. They utilized numbered signposts each Roman mile, which demonstrated such things as the separation of the following town and which development unit had manufactured the way. They additionally had far reaching systems of underground lead channel, supplying  clean water.  

Citizenship Education in International Schools within Hong Kong Research Proposal

Citizenship Education in International Schools within Hong Kong - Research Proposal Example The research study will particularly focus on establishing the type of Citizenship Education Curriculum that teachers believed should be utilized by teachers in the International Schools that are located within Hong Kong. This is considering that these International Schools use materials and even curriculums that are adopted from their country of origin. The concept of the global village according to the study conducted by Walker (2006), has led to the widely encouraged development of education for interdependence among learners located across the World. From the studies conducted by Williams & Humphrys(2003), in regards to global education, he argued that there has been subtle change in regards to the degree of universal awareness concerning the way of life in other countries since many people are more aware of how people in other parts of the World live. This is in conformity to the studies conducted by Phillips & Schweisfurth(2008), which urged for the collaboration and comparison in international education globally and it is among this reasons that the concept of Citizenship Education. Williams & Humphrys(2003) described this concept as an educational system that is aimed at equipping foreign students with the knowledge and skills that can enable them to be legally accepted as citizens in a foreign country and also to be simply knowledgeable about other people’s way of life in other parts of the World (Zajda, 2005). Concerns have risen regarding education in the sense that efforts should be put in place for the development of the international perspective amongst youths in order to increase their global development awareness (Postiglione & Tan, 2007). Therefore, asGrossman & Lo(2008) noted, the strengthening and implementation of the factor of universal citizenship education in cooperation with the school curriculum is an increasingly important issue in education. Hong Kong is largely dominated by people from the ethnic Chinese community, which means

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

US History Essay Example for Free

US History Essay 4. Describe how prokaryotes carry out photosynthesis and cellular respiration when they lack compartmentalized organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria. The area of cellular respiration in prokaryotes is the respiratory membrane. For aerobic prokaryote the infoldings of the plasma membrane are similar to the cristae of mitochondria, whose purpose in eukaryotic cells is cellular respiration. In photosynthetic prokaryotes, the area responsible for cellular respiration is the thylakoid membrane. It functions are similar in manner to chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells. 5. Explain why prokaryotes are unable to grow in very salty or sugary foods, such as cured meats or jam. Prokaryotes have the ability to live harsh environments. Prokaryotes however are unable to live in very salty or sugary foods like cured meats or jams because they lack the essential nutrients that water etc provide. In response to these harsh conditions endospores are formed. In essence, endospores are a touch wall surrounding a set of chromosomes. Eventually as water is removed from the cell its metabolism halts and the rest of the cell disintegrates. In this manner prokaryotes die out in harsh conditions like sugary or salty foods. 6. State the function(s) of each of the following prokaryotic features: a. Capsule i. A capsule is a sticky layer that surrounds the cell wall of some prokaryotes, protecting the cell surface and sometimes helping to glue the cell to surfaces. b. fimbriae ii. A short, hairlike appendage of a prokaryotic cell that helps it adhere to the substrate or to other cells; also known as an attachment pilus. c. sex pilus iii. In bacteria, a structure that links one cell to another at the start of conjugation; also know as a conjugation pilus d. Nucleoid iv. A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell. e. Plasmid v. A small, circular, double stranded DNA molecule that carries accessory genes separate from those of a bacterial chromosome. Plasmids are also found in some eukaryotes, such as yeasts. f. Endospores vi. A thick-coated, resistant cell produced by a bacterial cell exposed to harsh conditions. 7. List three factors that give rise to high levels of genetic diversity in prokaryotes. Rapid Reproduction- Rapid reproduction is comparable to a prokaryote reproducing by binary fission repeatedly. After rounds of division most of the offspring cells are identical Mutation- Genetic Recombination- 8. Describe three processes that produce recombinant DNA in prokaryotes.

Monday, October 14, 2019

Research Study Quantitative

Research Study Quantitative Question # 1 Purposes and benefits of sections of Independent study My independent study is related to quantitative research model. Purpose of the quantitative research is to do numerical summaries, generalizations across populations and comparisons between populations. It includes few variables (Delay time, work order, number of different products) and many cases (Five sets of data with each set consisting of 500 products). These quantitative research methods use experimental designs. The various experimental methodologies are: Quasi Experimental Designs RCT: Randomized Controlled Trials Baseline Data Posttest Only Design Longitudinal Design Out of these experimental methodologies, my study falls under randomized controlled trails, where I generate a random data of five sets each set consisting of 500 different kinds of products. Introduction Purpose: The purpose of my study introduction is to provide background information for the readers for the research reported in the study. It establishes a framework for the research, so that readers can understand how it is related to other research (Creswell, 2003 p.73). It also establishes the issue or concern leading to the research by conveying information about a research problem (Creswell, 2003 p.74). In this, the problem is best addressed by understanding the factors or variables which are the process time, product order that influence an outcome delay time (Creswell, 2003 p.75). It provides the understanding of the problem that explains or relates to an outcome delay time and helps the researcher best understand and explain the problem why the delay time is to be minimized (Creswell, 2003 p. 76). The research problem in the study Guiding research questions Reviewed studies addressing the problem Deficiencies in past literature and limitations Importance of a study for an audience Benefits: By writing an effective introduction chapter, a reader can figure out the problem leading to the study i.e., how the delay time is optimized by arranging the production work order, reviewing the literature about the problem to find whether there are any related theories that is done by other investigators, identifying deficiencies in the literature about the problem, targeting audiences and notifying the significance of the problem for this audience (Creswell, 2003 p.73). Literature Review Purpose: The purpose of the literature review is to share with the reader the results of other studies that are closely related to the study being reported (Creswell, 2003 p.29). It relates a study to the larger ongoing dialogue in the literature about a topic, filling in gaps and extending prior studies (Cooper, 1984; Marshall Rossman, 1999). It provides a framework for establishing the importance of the study as well as a benchmark for comparing the results of a study with other findings. All or some of these reasons may be the foundation for writing the scholarly literature into a study (Miller, 1991). Benefits: The literature review helps to substantiate the problem and also suggests possible questions or hypotheses that need to be addressed (Creswell, 2003 p.46). Methodology Purpose: The purpose of methodology chapter is to bring focus on survey and experimental modes of inquiry. You will also explain the methodology you are using, why you chose that methodology and why you chose not to use other methods. The method that was used to collect data is explained in detail like how did I generated random data of five sets with each set consisting of 500 products using Microsoft Excel ad procedure I followed to find the real-time delay time. The reader will exactly know what was done with the collected data, to the point that he or she can replicate the study to get similar results. Benefits: With the help of methodology chapter, audiences can recognize the variation that exists in the qualitative, quantitative and mixed method studies, why I chose a quantitative study for the research problem I defined then it advances general guideline for procedures of the study. These guidelines include a discussion about the general characteristics of the study if the audiences are not familiar with the approach to research. (Source: Classroom material by Dr. Lynda Kenney) Results Purpose: The purpose of results chapter is to make a well-organized and objective presentation of the results by examining the collected data and application of either the descriptive or inferential statistical methods. Then the tables, graphs and figures of the analyzed data are also presented for sufficient support description to permit the reader to interpret them quickly and accurately (Leedy Ormrod, 2005). Benefits: The benefits of the results chapter is for readers to quickly interpret the conclusions and significance with the help of the tables, graphs, charts and figures obtained from the interpretation and analysis of the data. Flow Chart Purpose: The purpose of the flow chart is to explain the process of optimization of the production work order in a step-by-step process that is described in the study. Benefits: It makes the readers understand easily at a glance what has done in the entire study. It also helps the researcher to make and follow the created flow chart while analyzing the data. Discussion Purpose: The purpose of the discussion chapter is to highlight the main theories and conclusion used in the research study so that a reader can easily figure out what theories the researcher used in implementing and analyzing the data. Each major conclusion is clearly explained and compared with the results of the similar work by other investigators. Then, the researcher continually connects her findings with the theoretical frameworks. Any new or unusual results are also explained(Leedy Ormrod, 2005). If the researcher is not sure about the significance of the results or could not understand the phenomenon of the data, it is sometimes worthwhile to present a speculative discussion outlining several possible outcomes by alerting the readers that such a discussion is speculative. Benefits: The benefits of the discussion chapter are to make grand conclusions which support the subsequent paragraphs. Here, the entire conclusions, implications or the effects due to each conclusion including the minor and major effects are presented. The discussion also includes the method of computation or derivation of the study. Such situation arises when one figure is derived from preceding figures. If the application or method is involved, then a complete example with the method is to be explained for complete understanding to the reader. Finally, explained the significance and outcomes of the study. Conclusions Purpose: The purpose of the conclusions chapter is to make a summary of the conclusions that are presented in previous chapter. The researcher also points out both what are found and what are not found. It is also the section examined by the prospective reader with limited available time (Leedy Ormrod, 2005). Benefits: Although the researcher has previously presented each of the conclusions, conclusions chapter tell us the reader the ultimate effect or the benefit of the study. In my study, I have explained how the delay time is minimized or optimized by arranging the production work order so that it is quite helpful to readers, who might easily lose track of some important conclusions as they read earlier portions of a study(Leedy Ormrod, 2005). In addition to this, a prospective reader will able to quickly examine the research in limited time. I explained the benefits of my study that findings of this research will aid industries, retails stores by demonstrating how the algorithm is currently used, and how retail stores can assist customers to implement universal algorithm. Industries may benefit from models of evaluating arrangement of parts of a product on an assembly line. Question # 2 Framework Elements of Research: For every research proposal, a definite framework exists to follow a certain pattern. Creswell (2003) suggested that from lots of different types and terms in the literature, he focused on three approaches: quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approach. The first two has been available for decades, and the last is new and still developing in form and substance. To understand them, we need to consider three framework elements: philosophical assumption about what constitute knowledge claims, general procedures of research called strategies of inquiry, and detailed procedure of data collection, analysis and writing, called methods. For that Creswell (2003) proposed (which was developed by Crotty) three questions to the design of research: What knowledge claims are being made by the researcher? What strategies of inquiry will inform the procedures? What methods of data collection and analysis will be used? Framework Elements of Quantitative Research Knowledge claims: Stating a knowledge claim means that researcher start with a project with certain assumptions about how we will learn and what we will learn during their inquiry. These are called as paradigms. Philosophically, researchers make claims about what is knowledge (ontology), how we know it (epistemology), what values go into it (axiology), how we write about it (rhetoric), and the process for studying it (methodology). There are four schools for knowledge claims as what follow. Those are post positive knowledge claims, socially constructed knowledge claims, advocacy or participatory knowledge claims and finally pragmatic knowledge claims. For quantitative research, the knowledge claims are post positivism which includes determination, reductionism, empirical observation and measurement, and theory verification. Post positivism refers the thinking after positivism; challenging the absolute truth and recognizing that we can not be â€Å"positive† about claims of knowledge when studying the behaviors and action of human. Traditionally, the post positivist assumptions have cited claims about what evidences knowledge. Post positivism reflects in determining the effects or outcomes, examining the causes that reflect the outcomes by doing experiments, reducing the ideas into a small, set of ideas to test such as variables that constitute hypothesis and research questions, developing numeric measures of observations and studying the behavior of individuals. The problem studied by post positivist reflects a need to examine causes that influence outcomes. It is also reductionism; testing selected variables that constitut e hypothesis and research questions, so it is based on careful observation and measurement of the objective reality in the world. Researching is for test or refining the existing laws or theories. Strategies of inquiry: A stage of inquiry in quantitative research includes numerical summaries, generalizations across populations and comparisons between populations. Strategies of inquiry provide specific designs for procedures in the research design. Like knowledge claims, strategies have multiplied over the years as the computer technology has pushed forward data analysis and the ability to analyze complex models. Strategies associated with quantitative research were those that invoked the post positivist perspectives. These include true experiments and less vigorous experiments called quasi-experiments and correlational studies (Campbell Stanley, 1963), and specific single-subject experiments (Cooper, heron, Heward, 1987). But, these days, quantitative research strategies involved complex experiments with many variables and treatments like factorial designs and repeated measure designs. Strategies associated with quantitative approach are: Experiment: It is about random assignment of subject to treatment conditions and includes quasi-experiment with nonrandomized design. My study used experimental strategy for generating the randomized data and analyzing the data with Microsoft office tools. Non-experimental designs, such as Surveys: it is studying by using questionnaires or structured interviews with the intent of generalizing from sample to a population. These include cross-sectional and longitudinal studies using questionnaires or structured interviews for data collection, with the intent of generalizing from a sample to a population (Babbie, 1990) Research methods: The third major element that goes into a research approach is the specific methods of data collection and analysis. For quantitative research, the research methods I used are predetermined instrument based questions such as performance data, attitude data, observational data and census statistical data using Microsoft Excel. I considered full range of possibilities for data collection in the study by organizing these research methods with the use of closed-ended versus pen-ended questions and their focus on numeric versus non-numeric data analysis. Question # 5 Validity and generalizability aspects of quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods research: Qualitative research validity The degree to which the interpretations of the data accurately describe the phenomenon under investigation is known as validity. Validity is seen as a strength of the qualitative study which is used in determining whether the findings are accurate from the standpoint of the researcher, the participant, or the readers (Creswell Miller, 2000).In addition to validity, the terms used are trustworthiness, authenticity, and credibility. There are eight primary strategies, organized from most frequently used and easy to implement to those occasionally used to and difficult to implement. Various qualitative procedures should be used to make a research validate. Some of the procedures are qualitative research paradigm and ethnographic research design. Methods for establishing the validity are: Negative case analysis Presenting the negative or discrepant information that runs counter to the themes Audit trail Clarifying the bias the researcher brings to the study Prolonged field experience Spending prolonged time in the field to develop an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under study Data triangulation triangulate different data sources of information by examining evidence from the sources and using it to build a coherent justification Member checking to determine the accuracy of the qualitative findings Rich, thick description Quantitative research validity The degree to which the evidence supports that the interpretations of the data are correct and that the manner in which the interpretations are used is appropriate. Threats to validity: There are several threats to the validity that raise the potential issues about the researcher ability to conclude the intervention affects of an outcome. They are internal threats, external threats, statistical conclusion threats, and construct validity threats. Internal validity threats are experimental procedures, treatments, or experiences of the participants that threaten the researchers ability to draw correct inferences from the data in an experiment. These involve due to inadequate procedures like changing the instrument or a tool during an experiment, changing the control group participants under study etc. External validity threats arise when the researcher draws incorrect inferences from the sample data to other persons, other settings, and past or future situations. Statistical conclusion validity arises when experimenters draw inaccurate inferences from the data because of inadequate statistical power or the violation of the assumptions. Construct validity threat arises when investigators use inadequate definitions and measure of variables. Methods of establishing validity Experiment review Data triangulation Participant feedback Regression analysis Statistical analysis Types of validity evidence Content Construct Criterion Consequential Procedure: A researcher need to describe in detain the procedure for conducting the experiments ad the reader should be able to see the design being used, the observation, the treatment, and the timeliness of activities. Typical steps used for the procedure are follows. Administering the measures of the dependent variable or a variable that closely correlated with the dependent variable to the research participants. Assign participants to the matched pairs on the basis of their scores Randomization. Randomly assign one member of each pair to the experimental group and other member to the control group Expose experimental group to experimental treatment and alternative treatment to control group. Administer measures of the dependent variables to the experimental and control groups Compare the performance of the experimental and control groups. Statistical analysis: A reader should be able to identify clearly the statistical analyses that are used in the experiment. Various statistical analyses that can be performed during the study are: Descriptive analysis reporting the means, standard deviations and ranges. Inferential analysis- performing the hypothesis tests using ‘t tests, analysis of variance, analysis of covariance, or multivariate analysis of variance. A researcher can also use the factorial designs, both interaction and main effects of ANOVA. Mixed methods research: Examine potential sources of error and ask: Chance: Random error in sampling from a population. 1. Type I (alpha) error: The probability of falsely saying that there is a difference between two populations. 2. Type II (beta) error: The probability of falsely saying that there is no difference between two populations. How (in what direction) would the threats to validity affect the findings? Bias: Systematic distortion 1. Selection bias Systematic slant in how subjects are assembled or retained for study 2. Information bias Systematic distortion from inaccuracy in measurement or classification of study variables Were potential sources of error adequately controlled in the design and analysis? Confounding: Misattribution of cause and effect How do validity concerns affect your interpretation or application of the data? In the Design Study design appropriate for the question B,C Adequate power A Complete accounting of eligible patients B1 Verification of information and Blinding B2 Multiple control groups B,C Randomization, Restriction and matching C In the Analysis Best case / worst case scenario and Sensitivity analysis B,C Adjustment B1,C Mathematical modeling C A Reduces the role of chance; B1 Reduces selection bias ; B2 Reduces information bias; C Reduces confounding References Creswell, J. W. 2003. Research Design: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE. Thousand Oaks. USA. Leedy, P. D., Ormrod, J. E., (2005). Practical Research: Planning and Design. PEARSON. Columbus. Ohio. Olds, B., Moskal, B. Miller, R. â€Å"Assessment in Engineering Education†, Journal of Engineering Education , to appear Jan. 2005. Moskal, B., Leydens, J. Pavelich, M. Validity, reliability and the assessment of engineering education. Journal of Engineering Education , Vol. 91, No. 3, 351-354, 2002.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

A Critique of The Giver :: Giver Essays

A Critique of The Giver The purpose of this book was to show us a possible version of a "Utopia". It was a fantasy oriented book, that was suppose to make you think about the possibilities for the future. The setting is a supposedly perfect society where everyone is taken care of and no one is different. The author Lois Lowry does a fine job portraying this supposedly "ideal" society. This book began with a description of sameness and release the two general principles the society functions on. It then continues while Jonas (the main character) waits to receive his assignment in the community. Waiting to find out what his assignment is, and what it entails doing are rises in action. The climax is when the plan to escape the society is being conceived and the actual escape itself. The falling action is when he is escaping from the search planes and trying to keep himself and Gabriel alive. The ending is when he feels triumph at the top of the hill and then sleds down it to his new family, his first memory that belongs to him. There were many characters in this book the main one being Jonas. Jonas is a child in this supposed "Utopia" who ends up with the most important assignment of all the "Receiver of Memory". The Receiver holds all the memories of the whole community so the community does not have to be bothered with feelings and the emotional baggage that comes with them. Jonas's trainer the "Giver" is a old man who passes the memories on to Jonas and eventually thinks of the plan to escape. The Giver also adopts Jonas and Rosemary as his own kids in a way. He had a previous "Receiver" named Rosemary who applied for and received release. Release is the term for death in this community. So when Rosemary was released her memories went back to the community. Jonas and the Giver were talking about this when the Giver got the idea of how to get Jonas away from the community and get the community back its emotions and feelings. Gabriel was a another influential character he was a baby staying with Jonas's family till he was

Saturday, October 12, 2019

A Good Business Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

A Good Business What the characteristics of a good business looks like? The basic element of a good business is derived from good management. It is true since business is run by individuals known as managers that perform specific business functions, such as manufacturing and production, finance and accounting, sales and marketing, and human resource departments. Identifying a good business is not an easy job; an understanding of Managerial Economics is needed because it provides some tools, techniques of analysis and Economic concepts to make good managerial decisions. The purpose of this paper is to identify some characteristics of a good business and list names of the companies having these certain characteristics. Most of good businesses have characteristics such as promising prospect, high rates of return on equity, steady growth of sales, and also strong brands equity. When we talk about a good business, we are not only talking about past and present condition of a firm, but a good business should also have a good prospect. It is true that past successes do not ensure future successes; however the most common way to predict the future is based on the companies’ historical data because those all data are available for us. Those data must depict consistent sales growth and high rates of return on equity. Moreover, since many changes can happened, it is also important for a business to anticipate and adapt continuously to the changing conditions. Since the commo...

Friday, October 11, 2019

Family Values Paper

Family is a term that can be interpreted differently by every individual, as it defines itself by one’s personal experiences and expectations. In health care, one would define a family as a support system to an individual in a state of compromised health. The family role in the health care setting can vary based on the patient’s condition. In the intensive care unit the families play a large role especially, for those individuals whom lose his or her ability to provide self-care and make self-care decisions.As a health care provider it is important to understand the role of family system, family concept, and the application of an appropriate family nursing theory. Family System/Concept of Family For a family system to have a positive role in the intensive care unit the family must serve as a system in support of the individual family member. The family often plays a role in the plan of care, as the individual suffering the illness cannot serve as the sole provider of se lf-care.In some cases the ill individual cannot play a role in self-care. The family can play a role in the individual’s recovery by coming together as one to support healing, or simply identifying, and achieving individual health goals. All individuals in the intensive care unit develop a plan of care with the assistance of a multi-disciplinary team, including nursing, physicians, social work, and case management. In some cases end-of-life ecisions must be made primarily based on known individual wishes or documents, and the support of the family. Even when a patient in the intensive care unit has an opportunity for a positive outcome there are difficult decisions, difficult messages, and difficult conversations to be had. According to a study completed by Caroline Williams; the family plays a larger role than providing information about the individual; including emotional support to the patient, and a positive psychological effect (Williams, 2005).In the situation which a f amily members health is compromised to the level that they need to be in the intensive care unit, not only does the family need to come together to serve as a support for the patient, but also a support for one another. As health care providers one must serve a role in this process as well. According to Damboise and Cardin, the family’s needs include; information, reassurance, support, and the need to be near the patient (2003).Family Nursing Theory. Orem’s Self Care Model of Nursing involves the understanding that patients not only have the ability, but also the right, and responsibility to care for themselves (Clark, 1986). One believes that Orem’s model is important in the intensive care setting, often-times we rely too heavily on the families and support personnel, and forget to rely on the theoretical framework to encourage and guide the individual to provide self-care and make self-care decisions (Orem, 2001).When an individual is cannot provide self-care, as often is the case in the critical care setting it is important for the family to approach oneself needs as a system. One believes it is important for the family to understand the complexity of the self-care needs. Decisions for plan of care can be based on what the family perceives as the individual needs, which can be a deception of reality if nursing and health care personnel are solely providing such care needs. Many families visit the hospital and see the best of the patients day.The health care professional provide all self-care; they never see the patient struggle to take a bite of food, be cleaned up from numerous incidents of incontinence, or the struggle to get he or she into the chair prior to his or her visit. When this happens, the families’ reality of taking the individual home does not seem so unreachable. It is when the family plays an active role in such activities that they see the reality of providing care to an individual with debilitating health condit ions. By managing ones hospital stay be Orem’s Self Care Model, a family can make educated decisions on the plan of care.Conclusion Anytime an individual is in the hospital no matter what level of care the emotional stress on the individual and family can be very overwhelming. By supporting the individual with the concept of the family as a system, one is on track for the best outcomes. In some cases the best possible outcome is making a difficult decision to maintain the integrity of the individual involved. By practicing nursing care based on theories such as Orem’s we can ensure that one has done everything he or she can do to support positive individual outcomes.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

A Critical Reflection on Learning Society and Learner Identities Essay

The paper draws on the historical experiences of learning society and learner identities from the normative and sociological paradigms which have extensively determined how the experiences of learning have been shaped and how learning society should be constituted. In light of this, patterns of participation in learning process are engaged through a concise interplay between the course of life and their determinants. Focusing on examination as a key factor in the official discourse of learning society, the whole concept of learning society and learner identity can comprehensively be argued within the parameters of sociological construction through theories of human capital, functionalism, symbolic, post modern among others. Through a critical evaluation and reflection, the history of learning society as well as learner identities reveal that the underlying motivation of learning society leans on the uncalled for abstraction of economic behaviors which range from social relations to the individual learner’s participation in the lifetime process of learning. Introduction The underlying principle of learning society and leaner identity is founded within the fundamental of the predominant interplay between social capital and cultural aspects with education. Exploring the inherent meaning of education and learning in the lives of individuals typifies a particular focus on the perpetual element of learning in the social milieu of a rapidly changing society. Researchers contend that the social revolution towards a contemporary society is typical of globalization therefore, life long learning portend a relationship with learning society within the theoretical paradigm that will help in analyzing and evaluating the inherent meaning of education (Coffield, 2001). The process focus on leaving learners with options of developing their own learner identities as inspired by the learning process as well as the pedagogic approaches to education. The experiences and the hitherto identities propel a situation that determine whether the learner goes back to school and learn at least something knew; because, the whole question of the learning society is to enhance the individual’s bargaining power to better their social and economic positions in life through a clear understanding of themselves. Learning Society: A Reflection on the Influence of formal Education on Learner Identity In a multiple deprived modern global community, learning society and learner identities facilitates a broader evaluation of maximum social utility of learning guided by the pedagogical approaches used in the social construction. As a result, learning identities become created and basing on the model of community development, participants in the community development are learners who exhibit such characteristics through a learning process. They are thus encouraged to learn irrespective of age or status; all in a bid to gain accreditation of developing their own knowledge and skills. This extensively develops their leaning identities and gives them a leeway to access other learning. According to Alheit (1992), education as a national social institution can be argued to form part of the global structure. This means that information technology and largely the digital age forms the modern global infrastructure of education and thus, the learning society is inspired and directed by technology to impact on the experiences of a learner within the realms of education. Maguire (2006) further asserts that as the goal of education continues to change over the years due to the element of social integration and formation of economic advantage, many individuals who had dropped out of school or similarly stopped at some level prefer to go back and begin learning. Significantly, it is obvious that from a symbolic and conflict theoretical understanding, the concept of adult education comes into play guided by the principle of skill formation in the context of a strengthened global economic competition. Arguably, increased convergence system of education has become a trend which remarkably points the difference between the traditional attitudes of education versus the modern attitudes. The meaning of education is clearly construed in three levels which are elaborate. Firstly, learning society and learners identity is historically and sociologically explained within the efforts to understand how people use education and the resultant knowledge and skills to construct their courses in life. Secondly, the educational and learning experiences mean different phenomenon to different learners especially within the content of producing as well as forming their identities. Finally, learning society and learner identity become the epicenter of understanding significant experiences that people have with regard to different stages in their lives. This also borders the line whether those experiences originate at work, in school, during leisure time pursuits or during adult study (Antikainen et al, 1996). Accordingly, questions such as the substance, social context and formal education form the important milestones in the learning experience. From the traditional outlook, educators and many members of the society have believed that education is productive. This means that the effects of education are reflected in the experiences a learner goes through in the process of learning as well as after learning. In view of this, the experiences one endures in relation to education break down the universal function of education and somewhat give it a different understanding. Hodgson (2000) postulates that the individualized learning experiences have led scholars to hypothesize several emancipatory meaning of education. Essentially, it is plausible to argue that with the existence of life long and cultural patterns of education in the society, a learning society continues to emerge thus inspiring many individuals to go back to school and learn something new based on the social or economic significance attached to the concept that is learned. For instance, as an immigrant to the United States, there is dire need to learn English for both social communicative purposes as well as official business transactions. In light of this, although the immigrant may be an adult, he goes to learn at a mature age due to the cultural shift and social position in the society. The trends in the educational circles necessitate the learning society. In essence, the flow of information, knowledge as well as students from across regional and national borders is a contemporary trend that can serve as a typical example of westernization as well as global diffusion of local educational products (Husen, 2004). Young (2009) further outlines that globalization is key to learning society and leaner identities. To illustrate, it is evident that regardless of the age, status and racial backgrounds, individual members of the society tend to embrace a contemporary computer based approach of education to continue learning. Such cases are characteristic of E-learning, distant leaning as well as the emergence of virtual institutions; a factor that inspires the attitude for lifelong learning and shapes the identities of learners to reflect a more contemporary one as opposed to the historical approach towards learning. Every situation in the present society calls for problem solving, critical and creative thinking and apt communication skills and this deep feature of the globalised society steers individuals to be always on the search for education, skills and knowledge.

Wednesday, October 9, 2019

Courtroom Workgroup Essay

The purpose of court is straight forward, to bring a conflict to justice. As simple as that sounds there are many more roles than a judge and a jury. Bringing a conflict to justice is a team effort, that team is known as a courtroom work group. One of the major roles of this team is the prosecutor. The prosecutor is the attorney representing the state in one of the many trials on hand. With the excessive amounts of trials, the courtroom has a process called criminal justice funnel. This process helps minimize the amount of trials that are pending. The court room work group is a team of individuals processing the trial. Several groups make up the courtroom work groups. The criminal prosecutor, defense attorney, and a judicial officer make up the most common courtroom work group. Each individual has specific duties as part of the group. The judge is responsible for issuing warrants towards a defendant, determining bail amount or if bail is granted or denied, and presiding over trials. Defense attorney are appointed to the defendant. These attorneys can be privately retained which can be costly. Prosecuting attorneys known as the prosecutors or District Attorneys represents the state in criminal cases. There are other work group members such as the law clerks, court clerks, administrators, jurors, witnesses, police officers, and on occasion the news media. The criminal justice can be a long everlasting process. To help speed up the processing of the increasing number of cases that rise every minute, a relationship forms in courtrooms between the main groups in the system, including the judge, defense counsel and prosecutor. The courtroom workgroup shows remarkable explanatory power in overburdened courts dealing with large caseloads. I believe that there are certain changes that can be made to the courtroom. Having higher security for more violent offenders should be taking into precaution. Some jurors need to take into consideration the evidence that is being brought up upon them. I know of many cases that the defendant is declared guilty then later found out they were innocent. There will also always be the criminals let go because of a lack of evidence to convince a jury.