Pharmacy Education in India and Bengal free essay sample

The Role of Pharmacists as demonstrated by WHO is the obtaining, control, dispersion and sane utilization of Drugs to expand the utilization of best Drugs in the Rural Health care alongside different degrees of medicinal services System. Viable meds, as they watched can be practicised by a proficient Drug Management in particular. To manage the flexibly, apportioning of Drugs and Health Appliances with regards to the necessities of the individuals of the current century. To detail recommendations for essential improvement of medicinal services framework with the necessities of the individuals of West Bengal. Among the arrangement of jobs the Pharmacist manages alongside a portion of their most significant jobs which are recommended by the WHO. To go to these jobs emotionally the distinctive remote nations have endorsed their capabilities upto the college level and in Bengal by and by, B. Pharma, M. Pharma M. Tech (Pharma) is accessible and D. Pharm. being the base need. In any case, all these higher courses are ordinary courses and the rehearsing drug specialist principally the individuals who are Diploma holders are not getting the open doors due to non suggestion or presence of yet any particular Govt. Strategy to go to the school normally for refreshing the instructive capability. With headway in each field, the calling of drug store has additionally seen gigantic changes. The people group anticipates increasingly proficient administrations from drug specialists and not as simply medicate merchants. There are numerous network drug specialists serving the nation with just D. Pharm. Capability and in West Bengal this circumstance is all the more regrettable as they are has a place with D Category mostly unfit work force who are not well outfitted with satisfactory data. In the entire West Bengal there are in excess of 44000 retail drug stores and in the greater part of these medication stores, the medication is apportioned by D class drug specialists. In view of the arrangements of Pharmacy Council of India, (PCI) the West Bengal Pharmacy Council had given D classification declarations to Class VIII passed individuals of those moved from Bangladesh and Myanmar after Bengal division in 1905 on thought of work. Around one lakh D class declaration holders made sure about employments in private drug stores and medical clinics by utilizing these testaments till 1978. Indeed, even now a large portion of the retail drug stores in West Bengal are overseen by these D classification drug specialists and the testaments were given uniquely till 1978. At present their number is 77234 and all are matured. The drug store chamber of India has taken a choice to end the D. Pharm. course soon. India being one of the creating nations is yet to address the issues of individuals as essential instruction, wellbeing, cleanliness and so on. The greater part of our kin live in rustic zones and don't have essential offices, for example, essential wellbeing communities, centers or even methodology streets. This provincial populace including the urban populace needs diverse exercises from drug specialists. The PCI characterizes Pharmacy as â€Å"a calling which is worried about the craftsmanship and study of getting ready from normal and engineered sources, reasonable and advantageous materials for dissemination and use in the treatment and anticipation of ailment. It grasps an information on the ID, safeguarding, mix, examination and normalization of medications and prescriptions other than amalgamation of new medication particles, assembling of different measurements structures, (Liquid orals, powders, tablets, containers, treatments, infusions, ophthalmic items, and so on quality control, clinical preliminaries, bio-accessibility, research, symptoms, similarity, in-similarity, signs, contra-signs, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicology etc†. However, the job of PCI in entire India resembles hard of hearing and unable to speak and quiet and furthermore dubious. The supe rvisors of PCI ought to be changed promptly for the future advancement of Pharmacy. A Flashback: Germination of Pharmacy Education The historical backdrop of drug store instruction in India is as old as when the nation was being floated towards British Emperorship. A breeze of transformation had been begun to develop something other than what's expected in the instruction arrangement of Indian Medical Services. Upto the center of the nineteenth century, the pharmaceutical instruction and preparing stayed in a condition of disregard. The situation of drug store practice was lamentable. The apportioning of remedies kept on being completed by compounders, who had a low degree of primer preparing and instruction. The compounders were humble paid experts. There were a couple of European prepared drug specialists who were utilized by private firms. The seed of the drug store training in India was planted first by Medical College, Madras in 1860. Steps were taken to begin drug store classes to grant pharmaceutical aptitudes for the understudies fitting the bill for clinical degrees or confirmation or emergency clinic help transport. The means end up being helpful for the understudies proposing to qualify as scientific expert and pharmacists. Comprehensively it was replicating the training as it won at the time in Britain. The classes proceeded with increment of the term of study to 2 years and passage capability being made registration at the appointed time. The Materia Medica demonstrated steady to help up the drug store training. The understudies were educated Materia Medica and trained in the method of setting up the standard mixes of the Pharmacopeia and Materia Medica. In the nineteenth century these experts got deductively taught and prepared. At first the scientist and pharmacist class at Madras Medical College didnt get famous and pulled in not exactly about six understudies for each annum. The reasons could have been the restricted possibilities of work for the so qualified faculty. Voices were raised preferring the view that the current physicist and pharmacist course be cleaned out. Anyway the class stayed in activity and got Government authorize for continuation in the Madras Medical College as a lasting game plan. The educational plan of studies was modified with consideration of investigation of natural science moreover. After that the course experienced different upsets at ordinarily and furthermore began in some different colleges like Medical College, Visakhapattnam. The drug store training in India was going to go through a change when the author of Banaras Hindu University Mahamanya Pt. Madan Mohan Malviya met Prof. M. L. Schroff and Mahamana offered him to join B. H. U. By the untiring endeavors of Prof. M. L. Schroff in July 1937 Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy were presented as the subjects for B. Sc. degree. From that point forward there has been no thinking back. Drug store came to be perceived as a settled course with productive results. Current Scenario of Pharmaceutical instruction assumes an extremely noticeable job in achieving feasible and impartial advancement of a nation. The educational program of the degree in some created nations (B. Pharm. normally requires 5 scholastic long periods of study. In a large portion of the European nations effective finish of a college degree prompts a one-year entry level position. The proper drug store training in India (multi year degree in BHU) goes back 1932, and from that point forward, there has been a consistent development in number of such organizations. According to PCI 2005 journal schedule, the al l out quantities of perceived degree organizations are 220 with admission of 12506 understudies. What's more, according to AICTE, the absolute quantities of degree schools are 445 with the admission of 24672 understudies too 30 organizations for the post graduation in different fields. The quantity of authorize establishments like the National Institute of Pharmacy Education Research (NIPER) is not many. Staff quality and its quality is an issue. The training framework isn't intended for the WTO period. The board isn't proactive in giving offices and important instructive condition. National compensation scales are not completely actualized and thus great scholarly world is absent. There are a couple of focuses of greatness where understudies get all the offices and are all around put after their graduation. In the following decade, pharmaceutical businesses will scout for drug store graduates who are slanted to investigate. Hence, drug store schools must select the correct workforce. In such manner the Pharmacy instructive framework is progressively despicable and dismissed. Out of the all out 10 drug store universities in the state, eight schools are under private administration. In the staying two, one is an administration school and other is self-financed. The 3 Diploma Colleges like Kalyani, Bankura and Jalpaiguri are under Director of Health Services ( DHS) and just a single Degree school in the entire state at Jalpaiguri is under the Director of Medical Education( DME) under Govt. f West Bengal Department of Health Family Welfare and rest of the Diploma Colleges are under Polytechnic, I. e. Division of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal. All the Colleges ought to be quickly brought under one umbrella and must be advanced according to WHO and other International rules to Degree Colleges to give the quality administrations to the individuals of this state which is being disregarded and stifle d during the left system. Instruction Standards at Present There is no uncertainty that at present there is gigantic hole existing among training and practice of drug store. The vast majority of the scholarly organizations giving instruction in drug store are away from training condition. The general premise of drug store instruction is still extrabiological union, physicochemical investigations, examination, and assembling parts of medication. It is a typical inclination that the clinical professional is preferable set for drug specialists work over the drug specialists themselves. The administering administrations are poor. The prospectus and length of the two-year certificate course in drug store instruction in India is totally obsolete and unessential in the current business setting. It is a heterogeneous blend of clinical and mechanical subjects. Since clinical subjects are there PCI comes into the image and AICTE came in as a result of modern direction of drug store schedule. Drug store as an incipient science devel

The East Indian Presence

The last name Thompson Is one of Scottish not too bad. In any case, the individual who possesses the name has literally nothing to do with the Scottish, This Is a typical situation for the numerous that Inhabit the little Island of Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad, where the number of inhabitants in â€Å"just over a million people,† as it is conversationally presented, is an enormous mosaic of various ethnicities from various pieces of the world, and outsiders from every ethnicity came a wide range of reasons.These reasons, after some time, have come to incorporate subjugation, obligated bondage, slave proprietorship, better lives, private organizations, and in the end recreation. Most of the Trinitarian populace Is involved individuals from East Indian parentage. L, alongside my maternal side of the family fall into this class. East India alludes to the nation on the Asian mainland where many know the locals for outlandish flavors, vivid embroideries, and workmanship made by ha nd that makes a feeling of the far and mysterious place that is known for India many envision as unreachable.But in the United States they are reachable, for just about 100 ears now, and today we share the America we as a whole love with them as companions, associates, colleagues, and neighbors. In any case, It was not so first and foremost. East Indians went to the US to make an a dependable balance In the American long for all. Rather than invites, however, they were met with the biases of the â€Å"white men† that standard the land with their vile and racial hands. They were blamed for being dormant and impeding to the nation notwithstanding their commitments to the economy of the Pacific Coast.The East Indians started their development out of India by first arriving In Quite a while. The Immigrants originated from a wide range of regions of India, for example, Bengal, Gujarat, and the unified Provinces. The promulgation pushed by Canadian businesses made the impression of chance and achievement in chipping away at the railways. L The treatment the Indians got in British Columbia, notwithstanding, was not exactly reasonable for a persevering worker. Many showed up there with verbal agreements for work that were rarely recognized, and everyday environments inadmissible for the extreme winters they encountered.From there, around 1907, they discovered their way down to the Pacific Coast of the US looking for more amicable bosses and better wages and climate. 2 They settled to a great extent in Bellingham, Washington, and parts of Oregon, working in stumble factories. In these regions, it was simple for Indians to feel progressively good busy working since plant proprietors were apathetic regarding their turbans or their skin shading. 3 Soon, there were around 1,072 Indian migrants in the United States. 4 When in the end Euro-Americans got on to how Indians might be jeopardizing their Jobs, several them whined to the factory proprietors about being suppl anted and workers.As a consequence of these activities, Euro-Americans had the option to persuade managers that it was hazardous and erratic to have the â€Å"rag-heads,† as they called them, working for them and removing Jobs from white specialists. One can see the lip service in the circumstance in the event that one returns to the torpid and unstable nature of these Euro-Americans themselves. In light of these treacheries, the East Indians had to move further south into California. 5 As Indians entered California, in around 1907, their numbers again expanded to around 1,782.Many moved to the port of San Francisco and the little city of Chic, Just north of San Francisco, in light of the positive treatment they got. Many set to work with the West Pacific Railway where inevitably there were upwards of 2,000 Indians chipping away at the Pacific Railroad. As additional time passed by, less Indians worked the railways after 1908 yet they finished the development of numerous exte nsions, passages, and railroad area work somewhere in the range of 1907 and 1909. The Indians at that point directed their concentration toward farming in 1910, during Californians agribusiness boom.This gave numerous Jobs to the Indians. 6 But in another unfair reaction to their difficult work, Indians were currently confronted with restriction by various associations. One of the associations that demonstrated resolved to keep out Indians was the Asiatic Exclusion League. The Asiatic Exclusion League utilized their powerful status to compose Congress on a few events about the â€Å"detrimental† impact that they trusted Indians had on the American individuals. These â€Å"detrimental† influences included everything from mechanical impacts to moral effects.The Asiatic Exclusion League attempted to its fullest to hinder accomplishment for the â€Å"Asiatic† (Asiatic additionally incorporated the Japanese, Korean, and Filipino individuals of Eastern Asia) however m uch as could be expected so as to guarantee their expulsion and expelling if conceivable. In 1910, the Asiatic Exclusion League additionally pushed the expulsion of Indians by depicting the manner in which they live as a negligence for â€Å"the tolerabilities of life†. 7 In the later long periods of 1910, the quantity of Indians conceded into the United States started to diminish and by June 1910, some were dismissed and needed to discover ways around the primary ports to get into the country.Indians attempted backup courses of action through Hawaii, Mexico, and in any event, covering up until they could go unnoticed with the individuals who were tot ousted. 8 When one contemplates what the â€Å"American Dream† implies, is what the Indians experienced what rings a bell? For most it isn't so troublesome. Many may see an unmistakable battle, until an extraordinary open door introduces itself that can set one's fate on the ideal way that one can be fruitful and pass tha t achievement onto further generations.But what Indians suffered in going to the United States, is by all accounts more troublesome than one normally foresees in attempting to experience the â€Å"American Dream. † What can be said for the Indians and their supposed â€Å"American experience,† is that hello achieved what they expected to so as to push past all the treacheries experienced and push ahead. In any case, I can't state that they had the option to appreciate the aftereffects of every one of their endeavors. Almost 100 years after the fact, very few know about either their endeavors on the Pacific railways or the hardships they suffered when that time in the United States.While numerous different ethnicities can glance back at history books and read about their progenitors' undertakings and commitments to the United States, those of East Indian not too bad can't do as such as without any problem. East Indian he endeavors of the other Asiatic who came looking f or a similar work. Just they are apparently credited, while the East Indian nearness in United States history appears to be practically nonexistent. Be that as it may, as one strolls down the various and multicultural road of Devon Avenue, one experiences a wide range of societies and peoples.But one culture specifically that is unmistakable and notable is the area known as â€Å"Little India. † This area is loaded up with a wide range of spots that one may plan to just find in India itself. Shops that sell saris, the customary apparel worn by ladies, and pay zamia, the rotational dress worn by men, cafés that publicize their numerous Indian nourishments, and even Jewelry stores with the most valuable and expound Indian gold. These shops line the road in the most lavish manner. This segment of Devon Avenue in Chicago, Illinois, is a genuine case of the nearness and story of the East Indian people groups. Devon Avenue is home to a wide range of societies and ethnicities on a few roads, however where the Indians for the most part occupy is close by Mohammed All Zinnia Way and Mahatma Gandhi Mark. This segment is otherwise called â€Å"Little India†. Here one sees a totally new condition, one that totally envelopes the way of life, lives, and environmental factors of local India. I have been to India previously and was shocked to feel as if I had returned. Everything looked genuine and legitimate. As I checked out I expected to see Indians who may look and dress as if impacted by the American culture, yet this was a remarkable contrary.There were men, ladies, and kids strolling around dressed as though they Just showed up from India. Ladies wear splendidly shaded saris, ones that, as per Mrs†¦ Patella, a lady I halted outside one of the sari-selling stores, â€Å"†¦ Re precisely, if worse than those in India. What's more, the gems is the absolute generally awesome there is. â€Å"10 Redcap, creator of Ethnic Routes to Becoming an Americ an: Indian Immigrants and the Cultures of Citizenship depicts precisely the same scene in the backtalk's the point at which she first comes to America.There are, shockingly, likewise numerous video stores that broadcast their Plywood substance and vociferously promote with â€Å"film tunes† and, as Redcap represents, â€Å"window-hung Indian film banners, highlighting red-lipped, curvy ladies inclining toward uncovered cheated, agonizing men in skin tight cowhide pants. 11 One man, Visual Ramparts, ventured to such an extreme as to state that â€Å"Devon resembles an India from India†¦ When my mom misses India (my dad) takes her here and lets her go through the day, at that point she can finally relax. â€Å"12 All this and more adds to the Indian story here in America.The story of the Indian people groups is a strenuous one. They needed to battle for quite a while so America could hear their voices. What's more, when in the long run they did, the Indians could feel p rogressively good and acknowledged in their environmental factors. Since they were presently agreeable and a greater amount of them would be wise to motivations to remain and bring beneficiary families, in 1985 they represented more than 500,000 inside the United States populace. 13 Many of the outsiders settled in urban territories like New York , Miami, Anaheim, Washington D. C. , Houston, San Francisco, and obviously Chicago. 4 With the settlement of these migrants in these zones, they made segments with extraordinary decent variety which pulled in numerous different ethnicities, or urged them to make segments for themselves. Be that as it may, ove

Lounges An Interactive Experience

Lounges An Interactive Experience The 3D Lounge Experience For this part, I ask you to settle in a comfortable location, preferably on a couch or bean bag. Turn on The Last Ship by Sting (embedded below). Pretend the two photographs underneath are really in front of you. Munch on some (free) lukewarm fried plantains. For an added effect, hang Christmas lights around the room and dim the main lights.   (pictures courtesy of Banti G. ‘17 and Emma F. ‘15) Ready? Welcome to our lounge! ________________ Ask me what a typical MIT evening is like, and I will not be able to tell. By “evening” I mean what most people call “night,” some “morning.” Our lounges awaken at the time Cinderella leaves the ball. Groggy or refreshed students pour in from building solar cars, ballroom dancing, psetting, and UROPing. Most are dressed casually, though there are outliers. Wear whatever you like here. Or wear nothing, if you choose a clothing optional hall. Occasionally, the midnight lounge is quiet. Some stare at the wall, relaxing. Others click away on their keyboards or study circuit schemes. Non-pset activities range from cartoon viewing to wrestling. We have pieces of “art” on the walls, ceiling, and trim. A mooing plastic cow. A Home Depot apron. A photograph of an unknown man in glasses. Paintings of bunnies and cities. Road signs from mysterious sources. An in-lounge made table. A web on the ceiling from which to hang stuff. And oscilloscopes. Lots and lots of oscilloscopes. We also have an XXL Foof, on which many have slept. It’s comfy enough, though its purity is more debatable. Last year, it took us five hours to wash the Foof cover. The gross Foof innards flooded the whole lounge.This was during a historic blizzard, so we had extra time. I doubt anyone will volunteer to repeat the procedure soon. Most likely, the crowds will one day revolt against the gargantuan pillow. In the lounge, we may hold spontaneous debates on gender, guns, nuclear proliferation, and the military. These are the days we enhance our perspectives on the world. Pose a question, and it will be discussed. Though sometimes the debates may end in an unresolved shouting match. Not the angry kind. Most of the time, there is music in the background. Something legitimate, like Arctic Monkeys, or funny, like Froggy Fresh. Someone may wheel out a dusty piano for an impromptu concert. On special occasions, the projector screen will come down for a karaoke party. Singing skills not required. Dancing on tables permitted. At the start of the semester, lounge inhabitants are slow and relaxed. Classes are discussed mainly in terms of numbers and not content. The word “pset” doesn’t come up much. Then the population and mood of the lounge begin to change rapidly. Noise levels rise and fall. Hosed people come and go. On busy weeks, lounge debates center primarily around class material. There’s still music in the background, but also the intense rustling of papers and the occasional sighs and grunts. Pset buddies exchange questions. Upperclassmen assist. It’s not rare to see a freshman and a senior hard at work together. On the whiteboard, new equations spring. An elaborate web of classes of hall members and friends is charted there as well. Lines connect matching selections. Most students have these connections, especially freshmen who take GIRs. The joined pairs and triplets study together. During the day, the lounge looks lifeless. An occasional student passes by or preps for class, but otherwise the morning light seems to scare the fun away. We are creatures of the night. But inevitably, the lounges will fill up later. With students talking, working, and learning with and from each other. Growing. Passing on their way to greater adventures. Here, I can trace my college history of joys, sorrows, and discoveries. The start of triumphant marches to turn in psets. Leaving the lounge at bedtime is the hardest part of the night. When is a good time for it? I have yet to know. That project is still in its beta stage. If I’m in bed before sunrise, I did well. Now the sun is on the brink of rising. So I must hide in my bed for sleep. Then to open my eyes to the surprises of a new day. Of a new week, busy or free. Good night

Essay on Low Income Families Living in Food Deserts

Many of the people living in food deserts are people with low income. These low-income families often turn to the junk food provided at the convenience stores and fast food restaurants because it is all they can afford. Socio-economic status is a defining characteristic of food deserts. Food deserts are most commonly found in areas dominated by minorities and low-income families. Studies show that wealthy areas have about triple the amount of supermarkets as poor urban areas do. In addition to this, predominantly white communities have about 4 times as many grocery stores as predominantly black ones do. Studies also show that grocery stores in African-American neighborhoods are usually smaller and have less option when it comes to the†¦show more content†¦In both suburban and rural areas, public transportation is either unavailable or very limited, with grocery stores miles away from residents’ homes. In cases where public transportation is unavailable people are left with little to no options and must conform to the unhealthy foods due to convenience. If there is a McDonald’s on the corner of a street near you and a Burger King or KFC on the opposite street, it is pretty easy to assume that those will become a person with no transportation’s only options for food. They really do not have much of choice if the nearest grocery store is miles away and these fast food restaurants are within walking distance. Those residing in food desert communities are left with a small hand full of options when they do not have a car of their own. They have no choice but to use private cars, such as taxis, or to travel several miles on foot, or use public transit to get to healthful food stores. People without cars become dependent on food sources in their nearest proximity. In rural urban food desert areas, the distance to healthful, nutritious food access is near impossible on foot. According to a report from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, ap proximately 2.4 million families in the United States are more than a mile from a grocery store and do not have access to a vehicle. The physical distance from full service grocery stores leaves people in these food deserts to be more likely to purchase foodShow MoreRelatedFood Of A Food Desert1745 Words   |  7 Pages 2014 Food Deserts One huge problem that the United States faces today are the large numbers of food deserts. A food desert, according to the United States department of Agriculture, is a neighborhood that has a difficult time getting quality and affordable food to their home. This means that people are not properly being fed and getting the nutrition needed for a healthy diet. The good quality food that is needed to maintain this balance is not near or affordable for the people living in theseRead MoreFood Deserts in Chicago1741 Words   |  7 Pagesto produce healthy foods. The increasing amount of food deserts and lack of family income contributes to African-American obesity rates, and lack of healthy choices. Ironically, these food desserts reside in communities plagued by poverty. These income restrictions also add to the problems that are part of being in a food desert. Literature Review Mari Gallagher(2006). Examining the Impact of Food Deserts on Public Health in Chicago Food deserts are places where healthy foods are not produced norRead MoreFood Deserts Essay865 Words   |  4 PagesFood deserts are one of the main causes of obesity in lower income areas, and while initiatives are being created to solve this problem, more than just a few initiatives are needed to change the obesity issue. Over 60 million people are obese in the world today. The socioeconomic statuses of the Americans play a major part in the obesity rates across the country. People with higher incomes are less likely to be obese than people with lower incomes. 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This phenomenon is thought to contribute to social disparities in diet and diet-related health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease and obesity (Beaulac, Kristjansson, Cummins, 2009). The term â€Å"food desert† reportedly originated in Scotland in the early 1990s to describe poor access to an affordable and healthy diet (Beaulac, Kristjansson, Cummins, 2009). Although food deserts can mean a literal absenceRead MoreFood Areas Of The United States1251 Words   |  6 Pageshungry due to limited access to nutritional food on a regular basis. There is a vast disparity in those with access to food based on a number of factors, such as race, access to private transportation, and income. These factors all stem from one overarch ing idea, geography. Those without access to nutritional food originate from low-income areas that are miles away from a supermarket and they must depend on local convenience stores. 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This description is in reference to the recent shift of food retailers away from urban areas into suburban developments. This is significant because it illustrates that where you live has a direct influence on access to food, and consequently, the quality of food readily available

The Short Story “The Cask Of Amontillado” Describes How

The short story â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† describes how individual takes revenge on his acquaintance during a carnival in Venice. The main character, Montresor tells his acquaintance, Fortunato about rare wine called Amontillado. Montresor tells Fortunato he has obtained some Amontillado wine and lures him into his cellar. Montresor leads the way into his family catacombs, with the drunk Fortunato following. Afterwards Montresor chains Fortunato to a wall deep in the catacombs, then bricks up the aperture. Fortunato screams for release, but Montresor only mocks him and Fortunato’s body remains undiscovered for fifty years. The two main characters within this work of literature, represent antithesis intentions as the short story progresses.†¦show more content†¦Fortunato appears to be an extreme extrovert. He relishes to inebriate. He has an abundance of cash and evidently relishes spending it on his own delectation. He is wearing a jester s costume when Montresor encounters him on the street. People generally optate costumes that represent what they cerebrate of themselves, how they would relish others to perceive them, and/or what they would relish to be. Fortunato would relish to be thought of as a very hysterical fellow, but if he has injured Montresor a thousand times, then he is the kind of hysterical fellow who relishes to inflict pain. The court jesters of old were often cruel in their jests because they had the aegis of a puissant patron. Many of the injuries Montresor suffered from Fortunato may have been painful digs that hurt his pride. Montresor describes Fortunato as a man to be r everenced and even feared. â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† has numerous themes including: Liberation and confinement, as well as apostasy. The contrast between liberation and confinement is extreme because for one character to be free, another must die. Most of the story takes place in an incredibly foul smelling catacomb, or underground graveyard. Dead bodies (or at least bones) abound. Liberation becomes less and less of a possibility as the characters move into more minute and more minuscule crypts, each one more revolting than the last. Such confinement makes both the readers and the charactersShow MoreRelatedRole of Realism in Edagar Allan Poe ´s The Tell Tale Heart and The Cask of Amortillado1014 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe are dark short stories relevant to murder, revenge, and mystery. Poe writes both stories in a Gothic style in order to deal with ideas of realism. One may ask were the murders and punishments justifiable in either shor t story? One may also ask did Poe accurately depict realism in each story? Realism, defined as a technique in literature that accurately represents everyday life, is questioned in Poe’s works: â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Cask ofRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe In The Cask of Amontillado, Edgar Allan Poe uses several different artistic choices in the construction of the story. He manipulates the story to be the way he wants it to be by using the point of view of the narrator, the setting, and a common monotonous sentiment throughout. Poe is successful in maintaining a spirit of perverseness that is prevalent in most of his works. The point of view plays a very important role in influencing the readers perceptionRead MoreSymbolism, Imagery, and Theme Compared Through the Stories â€Å"the Cask of Amontillado† and â€Å"the Scarlet Ibis†1035 Words   |  5 PagesImagery, and Theme Compared Through the Stories â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† and â€Å"The Scarlet Ibis† In â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† and â€Å"The Scarlet Ibis† dark symbols and tones shape the plot, which allows man’s inhumanity to man, as a theme, to be expected. Both authors use imagery to allow readers to paint a picture of each setting in their mind. Also, each author adds in many symbols to make a concrete object into an abstract idea. In â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe and â€Å"The ScarletRead MoreSimilarities Between Edgar Allan Poe And Cask Of Amontillado1638 Words   |  7 Pagesperfecting his style of writing in short stories. His short stories, all usually dealing with the concept of death, relates back to his childhood, linking to his past experiences. As a small child, Poes father had abandoned his family, leaving his mother to take care of him and his sister. When Poe turned three, his mother had passed away due to tuberculosis. Exposed to death at such a young age, it connects to his writing style and how he incorporates death in his stories. Throughout the course of hisRead More The Yellow Wallpaper and The Cask Of Amontillado763 Words   |  4 PagesYellow Wallpaper and The Cask Of Amontillado  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      The short story, The Yellow Wallpaper, written by Charlotte Gilman, and The Cask of Amontillado written by Edgar Allan Poe, are stories in which the plots are very different, but share similar qualities with the elements in the story. The Cask of Amontillado is a powerful tale of revenge, in which the narrator of the tale pledges revenge upon Fortunato for an insult. The Yellow Wallpaper is a story about a woman, her psychologicalRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Cask Of Amontillado1559 Words   |  7 PagesPoe, a famous romanticism writer, created a gothic tone in his stories by describing the setting of his stories with vocabulary that helped create the dark plots of stories such as â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, â€Å"The Raven† and â€Å"The Pit and The Pendulum†. Poe’s own foster father, John Allan, stated that â€Å"His (Poe’s) talents are of an order that can never prove comfort to their possessor†. How did Poe create such gothic tones in his stories with only describing the foul settings and wicked plots? EdgarRead MoreThe Theme of Revenge in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† Essay1629 Words   |  7 PagesPoe’s â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† is a frightening and entertaining short story about the severe consequences that result from persistent mockery and an unforgiving heart. Poe’s excellent use of Gothicism within the story sets the perfect tone for a dark and sinister plot of murder to unfold. â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† simply overflows with various themes and other literary elements that result from Poe’s Gothic style of writing. Of these various themes, one that tends to dominant the story as a wholeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Cask Of The Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe920 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of â€Å"The Cask of the Amontillado† A grudge towards someone is really hard to overcome sometimes especially towards someone that you really trusted, but the results very at times. The grudge towards someone goes away at some point. The pain or betrayal that may have been received may not always be forgotten but forgiven instead. Edgar Allan Poe describes this in the short story â€Å"The Cask of the Amontillado.† The short story is about a cold and ruthless killer who is wanting to commit crimeRead MoreCask of Amontillado Thesis Theme1058 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Cask of Amontillado, Edgar Allen Poe displays the theme of revenge. In the story, Montressor narrates the story and feels he has been wronged by Fortunado and vows for vengeance against him. Montressor attempts to justify his future crime to the reader. â€Å"A wrong is unredressed when retribution overtakes its redresser. It is equally unredressed when the avenger fails to make himself felt as such to him who has done the wrong.† (Poe 1 01) Fortunado is unaware of the wrong he caused MontressorRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe707 Words   |  3 PagesIn the short story of The Cask of Amontillado, Edgar Allan Poe writes in first person point of view from the perspective of Montresor who seeks revenge against Fortunato. Montresor began to develop the perfect plan for revenge. During the carnival season, Montresor meets with Fortunato and decides to implement his plan carefully through irony. Poe s story describes the murderer s mind which has lived as a memory of Fortunato s death for fifty years. Poe uses different types of irony and symbolism

The Rivalry Among Existing Firms Strong Free Essays

The Rivalry among existing firms: strong The office supply industry has a large number of players with a high diversity of rivals. Competition is very furies between them because the office supply industry is so divers in product and services they provide; they include high volume office supply, warehouse clubs, online retailers, copy and print businesses, discount retailers and local and regional contract stationers. The large number of competitors in this industry, along with a lack of product differences, with low switching coast for buyers and the ability of the buyers to shop around the internet for the best price. We will write a custom essay sample on The Rivalry Among Existing Firms: Strong or any similar topic only for you Order Now Had made this industry growth to become very slow. source http://360. datamonitor. com/Product? pid=4CA55D31-18F9-44E1-BB86-D1E5E5306887 Rivalry Figure 9: Drivers of degree of rivalry in the office services supplies market in the United States, 2010 Players range in size and product diversity; they include high-volume office supply providers (e. g. Staples), warehouse clubs (e. g. Costco), copy and print businesses (e. g. FedEx Office), online retailers (e. g. Amazon. com), ink cartridge specialty stores, discount retailers, as well as several local and regional contract stationers. Related article: Evaluate External Corporate Communications The large number of players, along with low-cost switching for buyers, low product differentiation, easy expansion by utilizing the internet, and poor market growth in recent years, intensifies rivalry amongst incumbents. This is ameliorated somewhat by the diversity displayed in the product portfolio of some players, such as online retailers and discount retailers, who operate in other markets and are therefore not solely reliant on the revenues generated from the office services and supplies market. Relatively low storage costs and the non-specificity of players’ assets lowers barriers to exit and eases rivalry. Overall, rivalry is strong. FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS The office services supplies market will be analyzed taking retailers of paper, storage, stationary, and office services, such as photocopying, printing and binding as players. The key buyers will be taken as businesses, and manufacturers of paper, storage, stationary, and equipment for photocopying, printing and binding as the key suppliers. Summary Figure 4: Forces driving competition in the office services supplies market in the United States, 2010 The market is highly fragmented with players ranging from multinational high-volume office supply providers to local stationers. The abundance and diversity of buyers weakens buyer power, whilst low-cost switching, low product differentiation, and high price sensitivity strengthen it. Such factors, along with low brand loyalty and easy access to suppliers and distribution, also contribute to the high likelihood of new entrants. Suppliers are numerous, and low differentiation, along with some backwards integration by players who sell their own branded goods, weakens supplier power. The large number of players, along with low-cost switching for buyers, low product differentiation, easy expansion by utilizing the internet, and poor market growth in recent years, intensifies rivalry amongst incumbents. Buyer power Figure 5: Drivers of buyer power in the office services supplies market in the United States, 2010 Buyers are numerous and diverse. This, along with the importance of the products and services provided by players to buyers, weakens buyer power. Buyers can range in size from sole proprietors to multinational corporations and buyer power is boosted by larger buyers with greater financial muscle. Large businesses put office services and supplies out to tender bids while smaller businesses can negotiate discounts through trade associations. However, buyer power is sustained by low customer loyalty, low switching costs, low level product differentiation and high price sensitivity, giving customers a wide choice of retailers. The internet has made cost comparison easier, raising price transparency and increasing competition. Overall, buyer power is moderate. Supplier power Figure 6: Drivers of supplier power in the office services supplies market in the United States, 2010 Suppliers are numerous and diverse with a large array of goods. This scale of competition from low cost economies in the Asia-Pacific places restraints on other suppliers. Players tend to have several suppliers, and this, along with low switching costs, weakens supplier power, particularly in instances where larger players have greater negotiating power. On the other hand, suppliers can offer their products to a wide range of customers, and this serves to increase their supplier power. There are elements of integration within the industry as global players sell their own branded goods. For example, Staples own branded goods represented about 23% of their sales in 2009. The lower pricing of such activities undercuts the power of other suppliers. Overall, supplier power is moderate. New entrants Figure 7: Factors influencing the likelihood of new entrants in the office services supplies market in the United States, 2010 Most office supplies are commoditized products, which have little brand loyalty. This, along with low enduser switching costs, little government regulation, and easy access to suppliers and distribution channels, is conducive to the entry of new players into the market. Larger players benefit from scale economies that allow them to compete with high-volume office supply providers that lead the market. Larger players with greater financial muscle would be able to negotiate better contracts with suppliers and therefore achieve better profit margins. Entry can be achieved on a smaller scale by focusing on a specific product range (e. g. an ink cartridge specialty store) or by developing an online retail shop. Poor growth in recent years, with stagnant growth forecast for the 2010-2015 period, decreases the threat of new entrants into the market somewhat. Overall, the threat of new entrants is strong. Substitutes Figure 8: Factors influencing the threat of substitutes in the office services supplies market in the United States, 2010 Many modern companies are taking strategies to minimize costs and the environmental impact of their operations by moving towards a paperless office format: switching costs are not excessive, as most companies have already invested in appropriate ICT systems. This, therefore, constitutes a serious challenge to those operating primarily with paper-based office products. Storage and stationary may also be influenced by switching to a paperless office format. Office services such as photocopying, printing and binding may be substituted by electronic forms of communications. Overall, the threat of substitutes is moderate. Same source Office Depot, Inc. Table 10: Office Depot, Inc. : key facts Head office: 6600 North Military Trail, Boca Raton, Florida 33496, USA Telephone: 1 561 438 4800 Fax: 1 800 685 5010 Website: www. officedepot. com Financial year-end: January Ticker: ODP Stock exchange: New York Source: company website D A T A M O N I T O R Office Depot is engaged in the supply of office products and services. The company offers national branded and private labeled office products which includes business machines, computers and office furniture. Some of the private brands are Office Depot, Niceday, Foray, Ativa, Break Escapes, Worklife and Christopher Lowell. The company conducts its business through three business divisions: North American retail, North American business solutions and international. The North American retail division sells a range of branded and private branded merchandise including office supplies, business machines and computers, computer software, office furniture and other business related products and services. These products are sold through the company’s chain of office supply stores in the US and Canada. The stores operated by the division also contain a copy, print and ship center which offers graphic designing, printing, reproduction, mailing, shipping, and other services. In 2008, Office Depot started PC support and network installation services to provide in-home, in-office and in-store support for the technology needs of the customers. By the end of 2008, the company operated nearly 1,267 office supply stores in the US and Canada. Store replenishment is handled through cross dock facilities and the bulk merchandise is sorted and shipped within a day. By the end of 2008, the company operated 12 cross dock facilities. The North American business solutions division sells nationally branded and private brand office supplies, technology products, furniture and services through various channels: dedicated sales force; catalogs and internet sites. The division’s direct business is tailored to service small and medium sized customers. These customers can order products from the catalogs through phone or through the company’s websites. The North American business solutions division employs a dedicated sales force for the contract business which serves predominantly, medium sized to fortune 100 companies. The sales force LEADING COMPANIES United States – Office Services ; Supplies 0072 – 2115 – 2010 Â © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied Page 29 offer customers allied services of providing information, business-tools and problem solving. In addition, the division undertakes government contracts through a multi-state contract available to local and state government agencies, school districts, higher education and non-profit organizations across the US. The division operated 20 distribution centers at the end of 2008 and it fills in the contract and direct business orders through inventory maintained in these distribution centers. The international division offers office products and services in 48 countries throughout North America, Europe, Asia and Central America. Office Depot offers its products through wholly-owned and majorityowned entities or other ventures in 38 countries. This division sells its products and services through direct mail catalogs, contract sales forces, internet sites and retail stores. Office Depot operated 162 retail stores in France, Japan, Hungary, Israel, Sweden and South Korea, as of January 2009. In addition, the company operated 98 stores under licensing and merchandise arrangements in South Korea and Thailand. Office Depot participates in the joint venture Office Depot de Mexico which operates 186 stores in Mexico, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Panama. This division established regional headquarters for Europe/ Middle East and Asia to support its operations in these geographies. The company offers its products in the international market through more than 35 websites which cater to various geographical locations. It offers products through catalogs in 14 countries. Office Depot operated 43 wholly owned and majority owned distribution centers by the end of 2008 for providing inventory to fill in the orders of its international division. Source http://www. community. officedepot. com/envpolicyqa. asp Clarifying Q ; A | Who are Office Depot’s Stakeholders? | | Office Depot is committed to working with its stakeholders – our suppliers, employees, customers, shareholders and the conservation science community – to promote and advance environmental stewardship. This said, Office Depot will maintain an open communication channel with other organizations that wish to contribute to our process of continual improvement – a communications channel and process in which contributions are considered within the framework of conservation science, so that we may continue to strengthen our environmental performance by internalizing appropriate, scientifically based improvements to our environmental policies and programs. Office Depot’s work with the conservation science community reflects our desire for a collaborative, scientific approach to identifying and addressing the issues of environmental stewardship. | | | Why Does Office Depot engage its Stakeholders and what is Office Depot’s approach to stakeholder involvement? | | Office Depot’s approach is one of inclusion and consultation for the mutual benefit of the environment and our stakeholders. Office Depot actively promotes the responsible use of our natural resources by working with these stakeholders in the ongoing pursuit of improvements and innovation that promote and advance the principles of environmental stewardship in ways that: * Produce solutions with integrity and purpose; * Are responsible, transparent, accountable, realistic and actionable; * Produce results that are tangible, measurable and reportable; and, * Reward innovation and leadership. | How to cite The Rivalry Among Existing Firms: Strong, Essay examples

Web Communication Computer Networks

Questions: 1. What is the Internet?2. What is the World Wide Web?3. What is the relationship between the World Wide Web and the Internet?4. What are three purported differences between the World Wide Web as it first emerged, and the more recent Web 2.0? 5. What are APIs and why are they significant to Web 2.0?The word length averages out to 150 words for each answer, which is sufficient to answer each question, but only if you write concisely. One of the challenges of short word-lengths is making sure you avoid any unnecessary material and get straight to your main points. Answers: 1. The internet can be defined as the collection of the computer networks from all around the world. The computer networks consist of several layers such as application (like SMTP, HTTP), transport (UDP, TCP), network (Such as IP) and physical layer (Simon Covic, 2015). The most important feature of internet that helped it to be successful invention is its interoperability. For this several independent protocols can work together. It is a global information system that, logically link the computer networks from all over the world by using a unique address space that is mainly based on Internet protocol and its extensions. It supports data communication using different protocol suits such as TCP/IP, SMTP, and FTP. Along with this it also supports compatible other compatible protocols for the data transmission (Fuchs et al., 2013). It is designed in such a manner that, the data packets or data is interpreted only at the receiving and sending ends. This helps in abstraction of the internal architecture. 2. The World Wide Web is a massive system with distributed architecture that contains huge number of clients and servers for serving information requests. The servers in this architecture stores a large amount of documents often denoted as the files (Handley Crowcroft, 2015). These files are served as per the request of the users (clients). The servers can be also requested to store newer files and documents. The clients can requests the documents/files by using the URLs (Uniform Resource Locator). This URL is used to specify the location of the document (Aghaei, Nematbakhsh Farsani, 2012). This helps the server to lookup the local file system so that, it can respond against the request of the client along with the requested file. The medium through which the clients interact with the servers are known as the web browser (Simon Covic, 2015). These web browsers are special kind of applications running on the clients system. These applications are responsible for proper interpretation of the received document/file. 3. The internet and the WWW (World Wide Web) complement each other. The internet can be considered as a system that helps numerous computer networks (private or public) to logically connect with each other. On the other hand the web is an application that uses the internet system. This application enables the users to share information and communicate with each other. The web can be compared to a parasite that requires the internet for its survival. Web pages that are accessed by the users often contain hypertext links that redirects the users to the other related pages (Fuchs et al., 2013). This links are the threads that are used by the Web to travel to the different server connected through the internet in order to get the particular document requested by the users. This links are helpful in finding the documents/ files in the web servers that is requested by the end user. 4. After the emergence of the web 2.0, the previous version is often referred as the web 1.0. In the first version of the web, the contents on the different pages were mainly static in nature whereas in the recent version of web, most of the web pages contain dynamic contents and media (Aghaei, Nematbakhsh Farsani, 2012). In the newer version of the users can get information from a certain page as well as are able to update the content of the pages. Another difference is the interactivity of the users. In the previous version of the web, the users or the visitors of a page were not able to contribute ideas to the pages they visit (Handley Crowcroft, 2015). On the contrary the webpages in the current web 2.0 is more interactive in nature than the previous one and engages the visitors to improve the page. The third difference is the availability of Metadata about the web pages. This is helpful for search engines to present the most relevant webpage according to the users query string in the search box. 5. Some of the most important APIs of Web 2.0 are community focus, mapping, content sharing, web-based tools (like RSS) or widgets and blogs. These APIS are the important factors that made it popular than its previous version. Some of this APIs are able to separate the contents on a particular webpage and notify its users about the change or update in the content (Simon Covic, 2015). This APIs are helpful in reducing the users effort to find and visit pages for the altered information about something. Presently, most of the business organizations, government agencys computer networks throughout the world are connected with this internet (Aghaei, Nematbakhsh Farsani, 2012). By utilizing the APIs ordinary users, employees of organizations can modify, update or alter information by interacting with the web pages. Moreover, the content sharing and web based widgets are helpful in tracking the user behaviors and recommend the similar web pages for the users of web. References Aghaei, S., Nematbakhsh, M. A., Farsani, H. K. (2012). Evolution of the world wide web: From WEB 1.0 TO WEB 4.0.International Journal of Web Semantic Technology,3(1), 1. Berthon, P. R., Pitt, L. F., Plangger, K., Shapiro, D. (2012). Marketing meets Web 2.0, social media, and creative consumers: Implications for international marketing strategy.Business horizons,55(3), 261-271. Fuchs, C., Boersma, K., Albrechtslund, A., Sandoval, M. (2013).Internet and surveillance: The challenges of Web 2.0 and social media(Vol. 16). Routledge. Handley, M., Crowcroft, J. (2015).The World Wide Web: Beneath the Surf(Vol. 6). Routledge. He, X., Gao, M., Kan, M. Y., Liu, Y., Sugiyama, K. (2014, July). Predicting the popularity of web 2.0 items based on user comments. InProceedings of the 37th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research development in information retrieval(pp. 233-242). ACM. Simon, J., Covic, Z. (2015). The Internet of Things in Web 2.0 Environment. InProceedings of the Conference MECHEDU(pp. 1-4).