Web Communication Computer Networks

Questions: 1. What is the Internet?2. What is the World Wide Web?3. What is the relationship between the World Wide Web and the Internet?4. What are three purported differences between the World Wide Web as it first emerged, and the more recent Web 2.0? 5. What are APIs and why are they significant to Web 2.0?The word length averages out to 150 words for each answer, which is sufficient to answer each question, but only if you write concisely. One of the challenges of short word-lengths is making sure you avoid any unnecessary material and get straight to your main points. Answers: 1. The internet can be defined as the collection of the computer networks from all around the world. The computer networks consist of several layers such as application (like SMTP, HTTP), transport (UDP, TCP), network (Such as IP) and physical layer (Simon Covic, 2015). The most important feature of internet that helped it to be successful invention is its interoperability. For this several independent protocols can work together. It is a global information system that, logically link the computer networks from all over the world by using a unique address space that is mainly based on Internet protocol and its extensions. It supports data communication using different protocol suits such as TCP/IP, SMTP, and FTP. Along with this it also supports compatible other compatible protocols for the data transmission (Fuchs et al., 2013). It is designed in such a manner that, the data packets or data is interpreted only at the receiving and sending ends. This helps in abstraction of the internal architecture. 2. The World Wide Web is a massive system with distributed architecture that contains huge number of clients and servers for serving information requests. The servers in this architecture stores a large amount of documents often denoted as the files (Handley Crowcroft, 2015). These files are served as per the request of the users (clients). The servers can be also requested to store newer files and documents. The clients can requests the documents/files by using the URLs (Uniform Resource Locator). This URL is used to specify the location of the document (Aghaei, Nematbakhsh Farsani, 2012). This helps the server to lookup the local file system so that, it can respond against the request of the client along with the requested file. The medium through which the clients interact with the servers are known as the web browser (Simon Covic, 2015). These web browsers are special kind of applications running on the clients system. These applications are responsible for proper interpretation of the received document/file. 3. The internet and the WWW (World Wide Web) complement each other. The internet can be considered as a system that helps numerous computer networks (private or public) to logically connect with each other. On the other hand the web is an application that uses the internet system. This application enables the users to share information and communicate with each other. The web can be compared to a parasite that requires the internet for its survival. Web pages that are accessed by the users often contain hypertext links that redirects the users to the other related pages (Fuchs et al., 2013). This links are the threads that are used by the Web to travel to the different server connected through the internet in order to get the particular document requested by the users. This links are helpful in finding the documents/ files in the web servers that is requested by the end user. 4. After the emergence of the web 2.0, the previous version is often referred as the web 1.0. In the first version of the web, the contents on the different pages were mainly static in nature whereas in the recent version of web, most of the web pages contain dynamic contents and media (Aghaei, Nematbakhsh Farsani, 2012). In the newer version of the users can get information from a certain page as well as are able to update the content of the pages. Another difference is the interactivity of the users. In the previous version of the web, the users or the visitors of a page were not able to contribute ideas to the pages they visit (Handley Crowcroft, 2015). On the contrary the webpages in the current web 2.0 is more interactive in nature than the previous one and engages the visitors to improve the page. The third difference is the availability of Metadata about the web pages. This is helpful for search engines to present the most relevant webpage according to the users query string in the search box. 5. Some of the most important APIs of Web 2.0 are community focus, mapping, content sharing, web-based tools (like RSS) or widgets and blogs. These APIS are the important factors that made it popular than its previous version. Some of this APIs are able to separate the contents on a particular webpage and notify its users about the change or update in the content (Simon Covic, 2015). This APIs are helpful in reducing the users effort to find and visit pages for the altered information about something. Presently, most of the business organizations, government agencys computer networks throughout the world are connected with this internet (Aghaei, Nematbakhsh Farsani, 2012). By utilizing the APIs ordinary users, employees of organizations can modify, update or alter information by interacting with the web pages. Moreover, the content sharing and web based widgets are helpful in tracking the user behaviors and recommend the similar web pages for the users of web. References Aghaei, S., Nematbakhsh, M. A., Farsani, H. K. (2012). Evolution of the world wide web: From WEB 1.0 TO WEB 4.0.International Journal of Web Semantic Technology,3(1), 1. Berthon, P. R., Pitt, L. F., Plangger, K., Shapiro, D. (2012). Marketing meets Web 2.0, social media, and creative consumers: Implications for international marketing strategy.Business horizons,55(3), 261-271. Fuchs, C., Boersma, K., Albrechtslund, A., Sandoval, M. (2013).Internet and surveillance: The challenges of Web 2.0 and social media(Vol. 16). Routledge. Handley, M., Crowcroft, J. (2015).The World Wide Web: Beneath the Surf(Vol. 6). Routledge. He, X., Gao, M., Kan, M. Y., Liu, Y., Sugiyama, K. (2014, July). Predicting the popularity of web 2.0 items based on user comments. InProceedings of the 37th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research development in information retrieval(pp. 233-242). ACM. Simon, J., Covic, Z. (2015). The Internet of Things in Web 2.0 Environment. InProceedings of the Conference MECHEDU(pp. 1-4).